kcodecsbase64.cpp

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/*  -*- c++ -*-
    SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2001 Marc Mutz <[email protected]>
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.0-or-later
*/
/**
  @file
  This file is part of the API for handling @ref MIME data and
  defines the @ref Base64 and @ref RFC2047B @ref Codec classes.
 
  @brief
  Defines the Base64Codec and Rfc2047BEncodingCodec classes.
 
  @authors Marc Mutz <[email protected]>
*/
 
#include "kcodecsbase64.h"
#include "kcodecs_p.h"
 
#include <QDebug>
 
#include <cassert>
 
using namespace KCodecs;
 
namespace KCodecs
{
// codec for base64 as specified in RFC 2045
// class Base64Codec;
// class Base64Decoder;
// class Base64Encoder;
 
// codec for the B encoding as specified in RFC 2047
// class Rfc2047BEncodingCodec;
// class Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder;
// class Rfc2047BEncodingDecoder;
 
//@cond PRIVATE
static const uchar base64DecodeMap[128] = {
    64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
 
    64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 62, 64, 64, 64, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
 
    64, 0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64,
 
    64, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64};
 
static const char base64EncodeMap[64] = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V',
                                         'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r',
                                         's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/'};
//@endcond
 
class Base64Decoder : public Decoder
{
    uint mStepNo;
    uchar mOutbits;
    bool mSawPadding : 1;
 
protected:
    friend class Base64Codec;
    Base64Decoder(Codec::NewlineType newline = Codec::NewlineLF)
        : Decoder(newline)
        , mStepNo(0)
        , mOutbits(0)
        , mSawPadding(false)
    {
    }
 
public:
    ~Base64Decoder() override
    {
    }
 
    bool decode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override;
    // ### really needs no finishing???
    bool finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override
    {
        Q_UNUSED(dcursor);
        Q_UNUSED(dend);
        return true;
    }
};
 
class Base64Encoder : public Encoder
{
    uint mStepNo;
    /** number of already written base64-quartets on current line */
    uint mWrittenPacketsOnThisLine;
    uchar mNextbits;
    bool mInsideFinishing : 1;
 
protected:
    friend class Rfc2047BEncodingCodec;
    friend class Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder;
    friend class Base64Codec;
    Base64Encoder(Codec::NewlineType newline = Codec::NewlineLF)
        : Encoder(newline)
        , mStepNo(0)
        , mWrittenPacketsOnThisLine(0)
        , mNextbits(0)
        , mInsideFinishing(false)
    {
    }
 
    bool generic_finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend, bool withLFatEnd);
 
public:
    ~Base64Encoder() override
    {
    }
 
    bool encode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override;
 
    bool finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override;
 
protected:
    bool writeBase64(uchar ch, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
    {
        return write(base64EncodeMap[ch], dcursor, dend);
    }
};
 
class Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder : public Base64Encoder
{
protected:
    friend class Rfc2047BEncodingCodec;
    Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder(Codec::NewlineType newline = Codec::NewlineLF)
        : Base64Encoder(newline)
    {
    }
 
public:
    bool encode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override;
    bool finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend) override;
};
 
Encoder *Base64Codec::makeEncoder(Codec::NewlineType newline) const
{
    return new Base64Encoder(newline);
}
 
Decoder *Base64Codec::makeDecoder(Codec::NewlineType newline) const
{
    return new Base64Decoder(newline);
}
 
Encoder *Rfc2047BEncodingCodec::makeEncoder(Codec::NewlineType newline) const
{
    return new Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder(newline);
}
 
/********************************************************/
/********************************************************/
/********************************************************/
 
bool Base64Decoder::decode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
{
    while (dcursor != dend && scursor != send) {
        uchar ch = *scursor++;
        uchar value;
 
        // try converting ch to a 6-bit value:
        if (ch < 128) {
            value = base64DecodeMap[ch];
        } else {
            value = 64;
        }
 
        // ch isn't of the base64 alphabet, check for other significant chars:
        if (value >= 64) {
            if (ch == '=') {
                // padding:
                if (mStepNo == 0 || mStepNo == 1) {
                    if (!mSawPadding) {
                        // malformed
                        // qWarning() << "Base64Decoder: unexpected padding"
                        //              "character in input stream";
                    }
                    mSawPadding = true;
                    break;
                } else if (mStepNo == 2) {
                    // ok, there should be another one
                } else if (mStepNo == 3) {
                    // ok, end of encoded stream
                    mSawPadding = true;
                    break;
                }
                mSawPadding = true;
                mStepNo = (mStepNo + 1) % 4;
                continue;
            } else {
                // non-base64 alphabet
                continue;
            }
        }
 
        if (mSawPadding) {
            // qWarning() << "Base64Decoder: Embedded padding character"
            //              "encountered!";
            return true;
        }
 
        // add the new bits to the output stream and flush full octets:
        switch (mStepNo) {
        case 0:
            mOutbits = value << 2;
            break;
        case 1:
            *dcursor++ = (char)(mOutbits | value >> 4);
            mOutbits = value << 4;
            break;
        case 2:
            *dcursor++ = (char)(mOutbits | value >> 2);
            mOutbits = value << 6;
            break;
        case 3:
            *dcursor++ = (char)(mOutbits | value);
            mOutbits = 0;
            break;
        default:
            assert(0);
        }
        mStepNo = (mStepNo + 1) % 4;
    }
 
    // return false when caller should call us again:
    return scursor == send;
} // Base64Decoder::decode()
 
bool Base64Encoder::encode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
{
    const uint maxPacketsPerLine = 76 / 4;
 
    // detect when the caller doesn't adhere to our rules:
    if (mInsideFinishing) {
        return true;
    }
 
    while (scursor != send && dcursor != dend) {
        // properly empty the output buffer before starting something new:
        // ### fixme: we can optimize this away, since the buffer isn't
        // written to anyway (most of the time)
        if (d->outputBufferCursor && !flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend)) {
            return scursor == send;
        }
 
        uchar ch = *scursor++;
        // mNextbits   // (part of) value of next sextet
 
        // check for line length;
        if (mStepNo == 0 && mWrittenPacketsOnThisLine >= maxPacketsPerLine) {
            writeCRLF(dcursor, dend);
            mWrittenPacketsOnThisLine = 0;
        }
 
        // depending on mStepNo, extract value and mNextbits from the
        // octet stream:
        switch (mStepNo) {
        case 0:
            assert(mNextbits == 0);
            writeBase64(ch >> 2, dcursor, dend); // top-most 6 bits -> output
            mNextbits = (ch & 0x3) << 4; // 0..1 bits -> 4..5 in mNextbits
            break;
        case 1:
            assert((mNextbits & ~0x30) == 0);
            writeBase64(mNextbits | ch >> 4, dcursor, dend); // 4..7 bits -> 0..3 in value
            mNextbits = (ch & 0xf) << 2; // 0..3 bits -> 2..5 in mNextbits
            break;
        case 2:
            assert((mNextbits & ~0x3C) == 0);
            writeBase64(mNextbits | ch >> 6, dcursor, dend); // 6..7 bits -> 0..1 in value
            writeBase64(ch & 0x3F, dcursor, dend); // 0..5 bits -> output
            mNextbits = 0;
            mWrittenPacketsOnThisLine++;
            break;
        default:
            assert(0);
        }
        mStepNo = (mStepNo + 1) % 3;
    }
 
    if (d->outputBufferCursor) {
        flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend);
    }
 
    return scursor == send;
}
 
bool Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder::encode(const char *&scursor, const char *const send, char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
{
    // detect when the caller doesn't adhere to our rules:
    if (mInsideFinishing) {
        return true;
    }
 
    while (scursor != send && dcursor != dend) {
        // properly empty the output buffer before starting something new:
        // ### fixme: we can optimize this away, since the buffer isn't
        // written to anyway (most of the time)
        if (d->outputBufferCursor && !flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend)) {
            return scursor == send;
        }
 
        uchar ch = *scursor++;
        // mNextbits   // (part of) value of next sextet
 
        // depending on mStepNo, extract value and mNextbits from the
        // octet stream:
        switch (mStepNo) {
        case 0:
            assert(mNextbits == 0);
            writeBase64(ch >> 2, dcursor, dend); // top-most 6 bits -> output
            mNextbits = (ch & 0x3) << 4; // 0..1 bits -> 4..5 in mNextbits
            break;
        case 1:
            assert((mNextbits & ~0x30) == 0);
            writeBase64(mNextbits | ch >> 4, dcursor, dend); // 4..7 bits -> 0..3 in value
            mNextbits = (ch & 0xf) << 2; // 0..3 bits -> 2..5 in mNextbits
            break;
        case 2:
            assert((mNextbits & ~0x3C) == 0);
            writeBase64(mNextbits | ch >> 6, dcursor, dend); // 6..7 bits -> 0..1 in value
            writeBase64(ch & 0x3F, dcursor, dend); // 0..5 bits -> output
            mNextbits = 0;
            break;
        default:
            assert(0);
        }
        mStepNo = (mStepNo + 1) % 3;
    }
 
    if (d->outputBufferCursor) {
        flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend);
    }
 
    return scursor == send;
}
 
bool Base64Encoder::finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
{
    return generic_finish(dcursor, dend, true);
}
 
bool Rfc2047BEncodingEncoder::finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend)
{
    return generic_finish(dcursor, dend, false);
}
 
bool Base64Encoder::generic_finish(char *&dcursor, const char *const dend, bool withLFatEnd)
{
    if (mInsideFinishing) {
        return flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend);
    }
 
    if (d->outputBufferCursor && !flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend)) {
        return false;
    }
 
    mInsideFinishing = true;
 
    //
    // writing out the last mNextbits...
    //
    switch (mStepNo) {
    case 1: // 2 mNextbits waiting to be written. Needs two padding chars:
    case 2: // 4 or 6 mNextbits waiting to be written. Completes a block
        writeBase64(mNextbits, dcursor, dend);
        mNextbits = 0;
        break;
    case 0: // no padding, nothing to be written, except possibly the CRLF
        assert(mNextbits == 0);
        break;
    default:
        assert(0);
    }
 
    //
    // adding padding...
    //
    switch (mStepNo) {
    case 1:
        write('=', dcursor, dend);
        Q_FALLTHROUGH();
    // fall through:
    case 2:
        write('=', dcursor, dend);
        Q_FALLTHROUGH();
    // fall through:
    case 0: // completed an quartet - add CRLF
        if (withLFatEnd) {
            writeCRLF(dcursor, dend);
        }
        return flushOutputBuffer(dcursor, dend);
    default:
        assert(0);
    }
    return true; // asserts get compiled out
}
 
} // namespace KCodecs