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IW44Image.h

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//C-  -*- C++ -*-
//C- -------------------------------------------------------------------
//C- DjVuLibre-3.5
//C- Copyright (c) 2002  Leon Bottou and Yann Le Cun.
//C- Copyright (c) 2001  AT&T
//C-
//C- This software is subject to, and may be distributed under, the
//C- GNU General Public License, Version 2. The license should have
//C- accompanied the software or you may obtain a copy of the license
//C- from the Free Software Foundation at http://www.fsf.org .
//C-
//C- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
//C- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//C- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
//C- GNU General Public License for more details.
//C- 
//C- DjVuLibre-3.5 is derived from the DjVu(r) Reference Library
//C- distributed by Lizardtech Software.  On July 19th 2002, Lizardtech 
//C- Software authorized us to replace the original DjVu(r) Reference 
//C- Library notice by the following text (see doc/lizard2002.djvu):
//C-
//C-  ------------------------------------------------------------------
//C- | DjVu (r) Reference Library (v. 3.5)
//C- | Copyright (c) 1999-2001 LizardTech, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//C- | The DjVu Reference Library is protected by U.S. Pat. No.
//C- | 6,058,214 and patents pending.
//C- |
//C- | This software is subject to, and may be distributed under, the
//C- | GNU General Public License, Version 2. The license should have
//C- | accompanied the software or you may obtain a copy of the license
//C- | from the Free Software Foundation at http://www.fsf.org .
//C- |
//C- | The computer code originally released by LizardTech under this
//C- | license and unmodified by other parties is deemed "the LIZARDTECH
//C- | ORIGINAL CODE."  Subject to any third party intellectual property
//C- | claims, LizardTech grants recipient a worldwide, royalty-free, 
//C- | non-exclusive license to make, use, sell, or otherwise dispose of 
//C- | the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE or of programs derived from the 
//C- | LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE in compliance with the terms of the GNU 
//C- | General Public License.   This grant only confers the right to 
//C- | infringe patent claims underlying the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE to 
//C- | the extent such infringement is reasonably necessary to enable 
//C- | recipient to make, have made, practice, sell, or otherwise dispose 
//C- | of the LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE (or portions thereof) and not to 
//C- | any greater extent that may be necessary to utilize further 
//C- | modifications or combinations.
//C- |
//C- | The LIZARDTECH ORIGINAL CODE is provided "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
//C- | OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
//C- | TO ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
//C- | MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
//C- +------------------------------------------------------------------
// 
// $Id: IW44Image.h,v 1.11 2003/11/07 22:08:22 leonb Exp $
// $Name: release_3_5_15 $

#ifndef IW44IMAGE_H_
#define IW44IMAGE_H_
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#if NEED_GNUG_PRAGMAS
# pragma interface
#endif




#include "GSmartPointer.h"
#include "ZPCodec.h"


#ifdef HAVE_NAMESPACES
namespace DJVU {
# ifdef NOT_DEFINED // Just to fool emacs c++ mode
}
#endif
#endif

class GRect;
class IFFByteStream;
class ByteStream;
class GBitmap;
class GPixmap;



struct IWEncoderParms 
{
  int    slices;
  int    bytes;
  float  decibels;
  IWEncoderParms(void);
};



class IW44Image : public GPEnabled
{
public:
  enum CRCBMode { 
    CRCBnone, 
    CRCBhalf, 
    CRCBnormal, 
    CRCBfull };
  class Transform;
  class Map;
  class Block;
  class Codec;
  struct Alloc;
  struct PrimaryHeader;
  struct SecondaryHeader;
  struct TertiaryHeader;
  enum ImageType {
    GRAY=false,
    COLOR=true };
protected:
  IW44Image(void);
public:
  static GP<IW44Image> create_decode(const ImageType itype=COLOR);
  static GP<IW44Image> create_encode(const ImageType itype=COLOR);
  // virtual destructor
  virtual ~IW44Image();
  static GP<IW44Image> create_encode(const GBitmap &bm, const GP<GBitmap> mask=0);
  static GP<IW44Image> create_encode(const GPixmap &bm, const GP<GBitmap> mask=0, CRCBMode crcbmode=CRCBnormal);
  // ACCESS
  int get_width(void) const;
  int get_height(void) const;
  virtual GP<GBitmap> get_bitmap(void) {return 0;}
  virtual GP<GBitmap> get_bitmap(int subsample, const GRect &rect) {return 0;}
  virtual GP<GPixmap> get_pixmap(void) {return 0;}
  virtual GP<GPixmap> get_pixmap(int subsample, const GRect &rect) {return 0;}
  virtual unsigned int get_memory_usage(void) const = 0;
  virtual int get_percent_memory(void) const = 0;
  // CODER
  virtual int  encode_chunk(GP<ByteStream> gbs, const IWEncoderParms &parms);
  virtual void encode_iff(IFFByteStream &iff, int nchunks, const IWEncoderParms *parms);
  // DECODER
  virtual int  decode_chunk(GP<ByteStream> gbs) = 0;
  virtual void decode_iff(IFFByteStream &iff, int maxchunks=999) = 0;
  // MISCELLANEOUS
  virtual void close_codec(void) = 0;
  virtual int get_serial(void) = 0;
  virtual int  parm_crcbdelay(const int parm) {return parm;}
  virtual void parm_dbfrac(float frac) = 0;
protected:
  // Parameter
  float db_frac;
  // Data
  Map *ymap, *cbmap, *crmap;
  int cslice;
  int cserial;
  int cbytes;
private:
  // Disable assignment semantic
  IW44Image(const IW44Image &ref);
  IW44Image& operator=(const IW44Image &ref);
};

#ifdef IW44IMAGE_IMPLIMENTATION

/*x IW44 encoded gray-level image.  This class provided functions for managing
    a gray level image represented as a collection of IW44 wavelet
    coefficients.  The coefficients are stored in a memory efficient data
    structure.  Member function \Ref{get_bitmap} renders an arbitrary segment
    of the image into a \Ref{GBitmap}.  Member functions \Ref{decode_iff} and
    \Ref{encode_iff} read and write DjVu IW44 files (see \Ref{IW44Image.h}).
    Both the copy constructor and the copy operator are declared as private
    members. It is therefore not possible to make multiple copies of instances
    of this class. */

class IWBitmap : public IW44Image
{
public:
  friend class IW44Image;
  class Encode;
protected:
  /*x Null constructor.  Constructs an empty IWBitmap object. This object does
      not contain anything meaningful. You must call function \Ref{init},
      \Ref{decode_iff} or \Ref{decode_chunk} to populate the wavelet
      coefficient data structure. */
  IWBitmap(void);
public:
  //x virtual destructor
  virtual ~IWBitmap();
  //x ACCESS
  /*x Reconstructs the complete image.  The reconstructed image
      is then returned as a GBitmap object. */
  virtual GP<GBitmap> get_bitmap(void);
  /*x Reconstructs a segment of the image at a given scale.  The subsampling
      ratio #subsample# must be a power of two between #1# and #32#.  Argument
      #rect# specifies which segment of the subsampled image should be
      reconstructed.  The reconstructed image is returned as a GBitmap object
      whose size is equal to the size of the rectangle #rect#. */
  virtual GP<GBitmap> get_bitmap(int subsample, const GRect &rect);
  /*x Returns the amount of memory used by the wavelet coefficients.  This
      amount of memory is expressed in bytes. */
  virtual unsigned int get_memory_usage(void) const;
  /*x Returns the filling ratio of the internal data structure.  Wavelet
      coefficients are stored in a sparse array.  This function tells what
      percentage of bins have been effectively allocated. */
  virtual int get_percent_memory(void) const;
  // DECODER
  /*x Decodes one data chunk from ByteStream #bs#.  Successive calls to
      #decode_chunk# decode successive chunks.  You must call #close_codec#
      after decoding the last chunk of a file.  Note that function
      #get_bitmap# and #decode_chunk# may be called simultaneously from two
      execution threads. */
  virtual int  decode_chunk(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
  /*x Reads a DjVu IW44 file as a gray level image.  This function enters a
      composite chunk (identifier #FORM:BM44#), and decodes a maximum of
      #maxchunks# data chunks (identifier #BM44#).  Data for each chunk is
      processed using the function #decode_chunk#. */
  virtual void decode_iff(IFFByteStream &iff, int maxchunks=999);
  // MISCELLANEOUS
  /*x Resets the encoder/decoder state.  The first call to #decode_chunk# or
      #encode_chunk# initializes the coder for encoding or decoding.  Function
      #close_codec# must be called after processing the last chunk in order to
      reset the coder and release the associated memory. */
  virtual void close_codec(void);
  /*x Returns the chunk serial number.  This function returns the serial
      number of the last chunk encoded with #encode_chunk# or decoded with
      #decode_chunk#. The first chunk always has serial number #1#. Successive
      chunks have increasing serial numbers.  Value #0# is returned if this
      function is called before calling #encode_chunk# or #decode_chunk# or
      after calling #close_codec#. */
  virtual int get_serial(void);
  /*x Sets the #dbfrac# parameter.  This function can be called before
      encoding the first IW44 data chunk.  Parameter #frac# modifies the
      decibel estimation algorithm in such a way that the decibel target only
      pertains to the average error of the fraction #frac# of the most
      misrepresented 32x32 pixel blocks.  Setting arguments #frac# to #1.0#
      restores the normal behavior.  */
  virtual void parm_dbfrac(float frac);
private:
  Codec *ycodec;
};


/*x IW44 encoded color image. This class provided functions for managing a
    color image represented as a collection of IW44 wavelet coefficients.  The
    coefficients are stored in a memory efficient data structure.  Member
    function \Ref{get_pixmap} renders an arbitrary segment of the image into a
    \Ref{GPixmap}.  Member functions \Ref{decode_iff} and \Ref{encode_iff}
    read and write DjVu IW44 files (see \Ref{IW44Image.h}).  Both the copy
    constructor and the copy operator are declared as private members. It is
    therefore not possible to make multiple copies of instances of this
    class. */

class IWPixmap : public IW44Image
{
public:
  friend class IW44Image;
protected:
  class Encode;
  /*x Null constructor.  Constructs an empty IWPixmap object. This object does
      not contain anything meaningful. You must call function \Ref{init},
      \Ref{decode_iff} or \Ref{decode_chunk} to populate the wavelet
      coefficient data structure. */
  IWPixmap(void);
public:
  // virtual destructor
  virtual ~IWPixmap();
  // ACCESS
  /*x Reconstructs the complete image.  The reconstructed image
      is then returned as a GPixmap object. */
  virtual GP<GPixmap> get_pixmap(void);
  /*x Reconstructs a segment of the image at a given scale.  The subsampling
      ratio #subsample# must be a power of two between #1# and #32#.  Argument
      #rect# specifies which segment of the subsampled image should be
      reconstructed.  The reconstructed image is returned as a GPixmap object
      whose size is equal to the size of the rectangle #rect#. */
  virtual GP<GPixmap> get_pixmap(int subsample, const GRect &rect);
  /*x Returns the amount of memory used by the wavelet coefficients.  This
      amount of memory is expressed in bytes. */
  virtual unsigned int get_memory_usage(void) const;
  /*x Returns the filling ratio of the internal data structure.  Wavelet
      coefficients are stored in a sparse array.  This function tells what
      percentage of bins have been effectively allocated. */
  virtual int get_percent_memory(void) const;
  // DECODER
  /*x Decodes one data chunk from ByteStream #bs#.  Successive calls to
      #decode_chunk# decode successive chunks.  You must call #close_codec#
      after decoding the last chunk of a file.  Note that function
      #get_bitmap# and #decode_chunk# may be called simultaneously from two
      execution threads. */
  virtual int  decode_chunk(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
  /*x Reads a DjVu IW44 file as a color image.  This function enters a
      composite chunk (identifier #FORM:PM44# or #FORM:BM44#), and decodes a
      maximum of #maxchunks# data chunks (identifier #PM44# or #BM44#).  Data
      for each chunk is processed using the function #decode_chunk#. */
  virtual void decode_iff(IFFByteStream &iff, int maxchunks=999);
  // MISCELLANEOUS
  /*x Resets the encoder/decoder state.  The first call to #decode_chunk# or
      #encode_chunk# initializes the coder for encoding or decoding.  Function
      #close_codec# must be called after processing the last chunk in order to
      reset the coder and release the associated memory. */
  virtual void close_codec(void);
  /*x Returns the chunk serial number.  This function returns the serial
      number of the last chunk encoded with #encode_chunk# or decoded with
      #decode_chunk#. The first chunk always has serial number #1#. Successive
      chunks have increasing serial numbers.  Value #0# is returned if this
      function is called before calling #encode_chunk# or #decode_chunk# or
      after calling #close_codec#. */
  virtual int  get_serial(void);
  /*x Sets the chrominance delay parameter.  This function can be called
      before encoding the first IW44 data chunk.  Parameter #parm# is an
      encoding delay which reduces the bitrate associated with the
      chrominance information. The default chrominance encoding delay is 10. */
  virtual int  parm_crcbdelay(const int parm);
  /*x Sets the #dbfrac# parameter.  This function can be called before
      encoding the first IW44 data chunk.  Parameter #frac# modifies the
      decibel estimation algorithm in such a way that the decibel target only
      pertains to the average error of the fraction #frac# of the most
      misrepresented 32x32 pixel blocks.  Setting arguments #frac# to #1.0#
      restores the normal behavior.  */
  virtual void parm_dbfrac(float frac);
protected:
  // Parameter
  int   crcb_delay;
  int   crcb_half;
  // Data
private:
  Codec *ycodec, *cbcodec, *crcodec;
};

/*x IW44Transform.
*/
class IW44Image::Transform
{
public:
  class Decode;
  class Encode;
protected:
  static void filter_begin(int w, int h);
  static void filter_end(void);
};

struct GPixel;
class IW44Image::Transform::Decode : public IW44Image::Transform
{
public:
 // WAVELET TRANSFORM
  /*x Forward transform. */
  static void backward(short *p, int w, int h, int rowsize, int begin, int end);
  
  // COLOR TRANSFORM
  /*x Converts YCbCr to RGB. */
  static void YCbCr_to_RGB(GPixel *p, int w, int h, int rowsize);
};

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// *** Class IW44Image::Block [declaration]
// Represents a block of 32x32 coefficients after zigzagging and scaling


class IW44Image::Block // DJVU_CLASS
{
public:
  // creating
  Block(void);
  // accessing scaled coefficients
  short get(int n) const;
  void  set(int n, int val, IW44Image::Map *map);
  // converting from liftblock
  void  read_liftblock(const short *coeff, IW44Image::Map *map);
  void  write_liftblock(short *coeff, int bmin=0, int bmax=64) const;
  // sparse array access
  const short* data(int n) const;
  short* data(int n, IW44Image::Map *map);
  void   zero(int n);
  // sparse representation
private:
  short **(pdata[4]);
};

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// *** Class IW44Image::Map [declaration]
// Represents all the blocks of an image

class IW44Image::Map // DJVU_CLASS
{
public:
  class Encode;

  // construction
  Map(int w, int h);
  ~Map();
  // image access
  void image(signed char *img8, int rowsize, 
             int pixsep=1, int fast=0);
  void image(int subsample, const GRect &rect, 
             signed char *img8, int rowsize, 
             int pixsep=1, int fast=0);
  // array of blocks
  IW44Image::Block *blocks;
  // geometry
  int iw, ih;
  int bw, bh;
  int nb;
  // coefficient allocation stuff
  short *alloc(int n);
  short **allocp(int n);
  IW44Image::Alloc *chain;
  int top;
  // statistics
  int get_bucket_count(void) const;
  unsigned int get_memory_usage(void) const;
};

// ENCODING/DECODING WAVELET COEFFICIENTS 
//    USING HIERARCHICAL SET DIFFERENCE


//-----------------------------------------------
// Class IW44Image::Codec [declaration+implementation]
// Maintains information shared while encoding or decoding

class IW44Image::Codec 
{
public:
  class Decode;
  class Encode;

protected:
  // Construction
  Codec(IW44Image::Map &map);
public:
  virtual ~Codec();
  // Coding
  int finish_code_slice(ZPCodec &zp);
  virtual int code_slice(ZPCodec &zp) = 0;
  // Data
  IW44Image::Map &map;                  // working map
  // status
  int curband;                  // current band
  int curbit;                   // current bitplane
  // quantization tables
  int quant_hi[10];             // quantization for bands 1 to 9
  int quant_lo[16];             // quantization for band 0.
  // bucket state
  char coeffstate[256];
  char bucketstate[16];
  enum { ZERO   = 1,            // this coeff never hits this bit
         ACTIVE = 2,            // this coeff is already active
         NEW    = 4,            // this coeff is becoming active
         UNK    = 8 };          // this coeff may become active
  // coding context
  BitContext ctxStart [32];
  BitContext ctxBucket[10][8];
  BitContext ctxMant;
  BitContext ctxRoot;
  // helper
  int is_null_slice(int bit, int band);
  int decode_prepare(int fbucket, int nbucket, IW44Image::Block &blk);
  void decode_buckets(ZPCodec &zp, int bit, int band,
    IW44Image::Block &blk, int fbucket, int nbucket);
};

// DEFINITION OF CHUNK HEADERS


struct IW44Image::PrimaryHeader {
  unsigned char serial;
  unsigned char slices;
  void encode(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
  void decode(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
};  

struct IW44Image::SecondaryHeader {
  unsigned char major;
  unsigned char minor;
  void encode(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
  void decode(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
};

struct IW44Image::TertiaryHeader {
  unsigned char xhi, xlo;
  unsigned char yhi, ylo;
  unsigned char crcbdelay;
  void encode(GP<ByteStream> gbs);
  void decode(GP<ByteStream> gbs, int major=1, int minor=2);
};

inline const short* 
IW44Image::Block::data(int n) const
{
  if (! pdata[n>>4])
    return 0;
  return pdata[n>>4][n&15];
}

inline short* 
IW44Image::Block::data(int n, IW44Image::Map *map)
{
  if (! pdata[n>>4])
    pdata[n>>4] = map->allocp(16);
  if (! pdata[n>>4][n &15])
    pdata[n>>4][n &15] = map->alloc(16);
  return pdata[n>>4][n&15];
}

inline short 
IW44Image::Block::get(int n) const
{
  int n1 = (n>>4);
  const short *d = data(n1);
  if (! d)
    return 0;
  return d[n&15];
}

inline void  
IW44Image::Block::set(int n, int val, IW44Image::Map *map)
{
  int n1 = (n>>4);
  short* d = data(n1, map);
  d[n&15] = val;
}

#endif /* IW44IMAGE_IMPLIMENTATION */



#ifdef HAVE_NAMESPACES
}
# ifndef NOT_USING_DJVU_NAMESPACE
using namespace DJVU;
# endif
#endif
#endif

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