AbstractProjection.h

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
//
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2007-2008 Inge Wallin <ingwa@kde.org>
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2007-2012 Torsten Rahn <rahn@kde.org>
//
 
 
#ifndef MARBLE_ABSTRACTPROJECTION_H
#define MARBLE_ABSTRACTPROJECTION_H
 
 
/** @file
 * This file contains the headers for AbstractProjection.
 *
 * @author Inge Wallin  <inge@lysator.liu.se>
 * @author Torsten Rahn <rahn@kde.org>
 */
 
#include <QVector>
 
#include "GeoDataCoordinates.h"
#include "marble_export.h"
 
class QIcon;
class QPainterPath;
class QPolygonF;
class QRect;
class QString;
 
namespace Marble
{
 
// The manhattan distance in pixels at which extra nodes get created for tessellation.
static const int tessellationPrecision = 10;
static const int latLonAltBoxSamplingRate = 4;
 
class GeoDataLineString;
class GeoDataLatLonAltBox;
class ViewportParams;
class AbstractProjectionPrivate;
 
 
/**
 * @short A base class for all projections in Marble.
 */
 
class MARBLE_EXPORT AbstractProjection
{
    // Not a QObject so far because we don't need to send signals.
 public:
    enum SurfaceType {
        Cylindrical,
        Pseudocylindrical,
        Hybrid,
        Conical,
        Pseudoconical,
        Azimuthal
    };
 
    enum PreservationType {
        NoPreservation,
        Conformal,
        EqualArea
    };
 
    /**
     * @brief Construct a new AbstractProjection.
     */
    AbstractProjection();
 
    virtual ~AbstractProjection();
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the user-visible name of the projection.
     *
     * Example: "Mercator"
     */
    virtual QString name() const = 0;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns a short user description of the projection
     * that can be used in tooltips or dialogs.
     */
    virtual QString description() const = 0;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns an icon for the projection.
     */
    virtual QIcon icon() const = 0;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the maximum (northern) latitude that is mathematically defined and reasonable.
     *
     * Example: For many projections the value will represent +90 degrees in Radian.
     * In the case of Mercator this value will equal +85.05113 degrees in Radian.
     */
    virtual qreal  maxValidLat() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the arbitrarily chosen maximum (northern) latitude.
     * By default this value is equal to the value defined inside maxValidLat().
     * In general this value can only be smaller or equal to maxValidLat().
     */
    qreal  maxLat()  const;
    void setMaxLat( qreal maxLat );
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the minimum (southern) latitude that is mathematically defined and reasonable.
     *
     * Example: For many projections the value will represent -90 degrees in Radian.
     * In the case of Mercator this value will equal -85.05113 degrees in Radian.
     */
    virtual qreal  minValidLat() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the arbitrarily chosen minimum (southern) latitude.
     * By default this value is equal to the value defined inside minValidLat().
     * In general this value can only be larger or equal to minValidLat().
     */
    qreal  minLat()  const;
    void setMinLat( qreal minLat );
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns whether the projection allows for wrapping in x direction (along the longitude scale).
     *
     * Example: Cylindrical projections allow for repeating.
     */
    virtual bool   repeatableX() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns whether the projection allows to navigate seamlessly "over" the pole.
     *
     * Example: Azimuthal projections.
     */
    virtual bool   traversablePoles()  const;
    virtual bool   traversableDateLine()  const;
 
    virtual SurfaceType surfaceType() const = 0; 
 
    virtual PreservationType preservationType() const;
 
    // The projection surface can have different orientations:
    // - normal: the surface's axis of symmetry matches the Earth's axis
    // - transverse: orthogonally oriented compared to the Earth's axis
    // - oblique: somewhere in between
 
    virtual bool isOrientedNormal() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Defines whether a projection is supposed to be clipped to a certain radius.
     *
     * Example: The Gnomonic projection is clipped to a circle of a certain clipping radius
     * (although it's mathematically defined beyond that radius).
     */
    virtual bool isClippedToSphere() const;
 
    virtual qreal clippingRadius() const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Get the screen coordinates corresponding to geographical coordinates in the map.
     * @param lon    the lon coordinate of the requested pixel position in radians
     * @param lat    the lat coordinate of the requested pixel position in radians
     * @param viewport the viewport parameters
     * @param x      the x coordinate of the pixel is returned through this parameter
     * @param y      the y coordinate of the pixel is returned through this parameter
     * @return @c true  if the geographical coordinates are visible on the screen
     *         @c false if the geographical coordinates are not visible on the screen
     *
     * @see ViewportParams
     */
    bool screenCoordinates( const qreal lon, const qreal lat,
                            const ViewportParams *viewport,
                            qreal& x, qreal& y ) const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Get the screen coordinates corresponding to geographical coordinates in the map.
     *
     * @param geopoint the point on earth, including altitude, that we want the coordinates for.
     * @param viewport the viewport parameters
     * @param x      the x coordinate of the pixel is returned through this parameter
     * @param y      the y coordinate of the pixel is returned through this parameter
     * @param globeHidesPoint  whether the point gets hidden on the far side of the earth
     *
     * @return @c true  if the geographical coordinates are visible on the screen
     *         @c false if the geographical coordinates are not visible on the screen
     *
     * @see ViewportParams
     */
    virtual bool screenCoordinates( const GeoDataCoordinates &geopoint, 
                                    const ViewportParams *viewport,
                                    qreal &x, qreal &y, 
                                    bool &globeHidesPoint ) const = 0;
 
    // Will just call the virtual version with a dummy globeHidesPoint.
    bool screenCoordinates( const GeoDataCoordinates &geopoint, 
                            const ViewportParams *viewport,
                            qreal &x, qreal &y ) const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Get the coordinates of screen points for geographical coordinates in the map.
     *
     * @param coordinates the point on earth, including altitude, that we want the coordinates for.
     * @param viewport the viewport parameters
     * @param x      the x coordinates of the pixels are returned through this parameter
     * @param y      the y coordinate of the pixel is returned through this parameter
     * @param pointRepeatNum      the amount of times that a single geographical
                                  point gets represented on the map
     * @param size   the size
     * @param globeHidesPoint  whether the point gets hidden on the far side of the earth
     *
     * @return @c true  if the geographical coordinates are visible on the screen
     *         @c false if the geographical coordinates are not visible on the screen
     *
     * @see ViewportParams
     */
    virtual bool screenCoordinates( const GeoDataCoordinates &coordinates,
                                    const ViewportParams *viewport,
                                    qreal *x, qreal &y, int &pointRepeatNum,
                                    const QSizeF& size,
                                    bool &globeHidesPoint ) const = 0;
 
    virtual bool screenCoordinates( const GeoDataLineString &lineString,
                            const ViewportParams *viewport,
                            QVector<QPolygonF*> &polygons ) const = 0;
 
    /**
     * @brief Get the earth coordinates corresponding to a pixel in the map.
     * @param x      the x coordinate of the pixel
     * @param y      the y coordinate of the pixel
     * @param viewport the viewport parameters
     * @param lon    the longitude angle is returned through this parameter
     * @param lat    the latitude angle is returned through this parameter
     * @param unit   the unit of the angles for lon and lat.
     * @return @c true  if the pixel (x, y) is within the globe
     *         @c false if the pixel (x, y) is outside the globe, i.e. in space.
     */
    virtual bool geoCoordinates( const int x, const int y,
                                 const ViewportParams *viewport,
                                 qreal& lon, qreal& lat,
                                 GeoDataCoordinates::Unit unit = GeoDataCoordinates::Degree ) const = 0;
 
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns a GeoDataLatLonAltBox bounding box of the given screenrect inside the given viewport.
     */
    virtual GeoDataLatLonAltBox latLonAltBox( const QRect& screenRect,
                                              const ViewportParams *viewport ) const;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns whether the projected data fully obstructs the current viewport.
     * In this case there are no black areas visible around the actual map.
     * This case allows for performance optimizations.
     */
    virtual bool mapCoversViewport( const ViewportParams *viewport ) const = 0;
 
    /**
     * @brief Returns the shape/outline of a map projection.
     * This call allows e.g. to draw the default background color of the map itself.
     *
     * Example: For an azimuthal projection a circle is returned at low zoom values.
     */
    virtual QPainterPath mapShape( const ViewportParams *viewport ) const = 0;
 
    QRegion mapRegion( const ViewportParams *viewport ) const;
 
 protected:
     const QScopedPointer<AbstractProjectionPrivate> d_ptr;
     explicit AbstractProjection( AbstractProjectionPrivate* dd );
 
 private:
     Q_DECLARE_PRIVATE(AbstractProjection)
     Q_DISABLE_COPY( AbstractProjection )
};
 
}
 
#endif