Kstars

skypoint.h
1 /*
2  SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2001-2005 Jason Harris <[email protected]>
3  SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2004-2005 Pablo de Vicente <[email protected]>
4 
5  SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
6 */
7 
8 #pragma once
9 
10 #include "cachingdms.h"
11 #include "kstarsdatetime.h"
12 
13 #include <QList>
14 #ifndef KSTARS_LITE
15 #include <QtDBus/QtDBus>
16 #endif
17 
18 //#define PROFILE_COORDINATE_CONVERSION
19 
20 class KSNumbers;
21 class KSSun;
22 class GeoLocation;
23 
24 /**
25  * @class SkyPoint
26  *
27  * The sky coordinates of a point in the sky. The
28  * coordinates are stored in both Equatorial (Right Ascension,
29  * Declination) and Horizontal (Azimuth, Altitude) coordinate systems.
30  * Provides set/get functions for each coordinate angle, and functions
31  * to convert between the Equatorial and Horizon coordinate systems.
32  *
33  * Because the coordinate values change slowly over time (due to
34  * precession, nutation), the "catalog coordinates" are stored
35  * (RA0, Dec0), which were the true coordinates on Jan 1, 2000.
36  * The true coordinates (RA, Dec) at any other epoch can be found
37  * from the catalog coordinates using updateCoords().
38  * @short Stores dms coordinates for a point in the sky.
39  * for converting between coordinate systems.
40  *
41  * @author Jason Harris
42  * @version 1.0
43  */
44 class SkyPoint
45 {
46  public:
47  /**
48  * Default constructor: Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according
49  * to arguments. Does not set Altitude or Azimuth.
50  *
51  * @param r Right Ascension
52  * @param d Declination
53  */
54  SkyPoint(const dms &r, const dms &d) : RA0(r), Dec0(d), RA(r), Dec(d), lastPrecessJD(J2000) {}
55 
56  SkyPoint(const CachingDms &r, const CachingDms &d) : RA0(r), Dec0(d), RA(r), Dec(d), lastPrecessJD(J2000) {}
57 
58  /**
59  * Alternate constructor using double arguments, for convenience.
60  * It behaves essentially like the default constructor.
61  *
62  * @param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double
63  * @param d Declination, expressed as a double
64  * @note This also sets RA0 and Dec0
65  */
66  //FIXME: this (*15.0) thing is somewhat hacky.
67  explicit SkyPoint(double r, double d) : RA0(r * 15.0), Dec0(d), RA(r * 15.0), Dec(d), lastPrecessJD(J2000) {}
68 
69  /** @short Default constructor. Sets nonsense values for RA, Dec etc */
70  SkyPoint();
71 
72  virtual ~SkyPoint() = default;
73 
74  ////
75  //// 1. Setting Coordinates
76  //// =======================
77 
78  /**
79  * @short Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according to arguments.
80  * Does not set Altitude or Azimuth.
81  *
82  * @param r Right Ascension
83  * @param d Declination
84  * @note This function also sets RA0 and Dec0 to the same values, so call at your own peril!
85  * @note FIXME: This method must be removed, or an epoch argument must be added.
86  */
87  void set(const dms &r, const dms &d);
88 
89  /**
90  * Sets RA0, the catalog Right Ascension.
91  *
92  * @param r catalog Right Ascension.
93  */
94  inline void setRA0(dms r)
95  {
96  RA0 = r;
97  }
98  inline void setRA0(CachingDms r)
99  {
100  RA0 = r;
101  }
102 
103  /**
104  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
105  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
106  *
107  * @param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double.
108  */
109  inline void setRA0(double r)
110  {
111  RA0.setH(r);
112  }
113 
114  /**
115  * Sets Dec0, the catalog Declination.
116  *
117  * @param d catalog Declination.
118  */
119  inline void setDec0(dms d)
120  {
121  Dec0 = d;
122  }
123  inline void setDec0(const CachingDms &d)
124  {
125  Dec0 = d;
126  }
127 
128  /**
129  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
130  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
131  *
132  * @param d Declination, expressed as a double.
133  */
134  inline void setDec0(double d)
135  {
136  Dec0.setD(d);
137  }
138 
139  /**
140  * Sets RA, the current Right Ascension.
141  *
142  * @param r Right Ascension.
143  */
144  inline void setRA(dms &r)
145  {
146  RA = r;
147  }
148  inline void setRA(const CachingDms &r)
149  {
150  RA = r;
151  }
152 
153  /**
154  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
155  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
156  *
157  * @param r Right Ascension, expressed as a double.
158  */
159  inline void setRA(double r)
160  {
161  RA.setH(r);
162  }
163 
164  /**
165  * Sets Dec, the current Declination
166  *
167  * @param d Declination.
168  */
169  inline void setDec(dms d)
170  {
171  Dec = d;
172  }
173  inline void setDec(const CachingDms &d)
174  {
175  Dec = d;
176  }
177 
178  /**
179  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
180  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
181  *
182  * @param d Declination, expressed as a double.
183  */
184  inline void setDec(double d)
185  {
186  Dec.setD(d);
187  }
188 
189  /**
190  * Sets Alt, the Altitude.
191  *
192  * @param alt Altitude.
193  */
194  inline void setAlt(dms alt)
195  {
196  Alt = alt;
197  }
198 
199  /**
200  * Sets the apparent altitude, checking whether refraction corrections are enabled
201  *
202  * @param alt_apparent Apparent altitude (subject to Options::useRefraction())
203  */
204  void setAltRefracted(dms alt_apparent);
205 
206  /**
207  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
208  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
209  *
210  * @param alt_apparent Apparent altitude (subject to Options::useRefraction())
211  */
212  void setAltRefracted(double alt_apparent);
213 
214  /**
215  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
216  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
217  *
218  * @param alt Altitude, expressed as a double.
219  */
220  inline void setAlt(double alt)
221  {
222  Alt.setD(alt);
223  }
224 
225  /**
226  * Sets Az, the Azimuth.
227  *
228  * @param az Azimuth.
229  */
230  inline void setAz(dms az)
231  {
232  Az = az;
233  }
234 
235  /**
236  * Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
237  * It behaves essentially like the above function.
238  *
239  * @param az Azimuth, expressed as a double.
240  */
241  inline void setAz(double az)
242  {
243  Az.setD(az);
244  }
245 
246  ////
247  //// 2. Returning coordinates.
248  //// =========================
249 
250  /** @return a pointer to the catalog Right Ascension. */
251  inline const CachingDms &ra0() const
252  {
253  return RA0;
254  }
255 
256  /** @return a pointer to the catalog Declination. */
257  inline const CachingDms &dec0() const
258  {
259  return Dec0;
260  }
261 
262  /** @returns a pointer to the current Right Ascension. */
263  inline const CachingDms &ra() const
264  {
265  return RA;
266  }
267 
268  /** @return a pointer to the current Declination. */
269  inline const CachingDms &dec() const
270  {
271  return Dec;
272  }
273 
274  /** @return a pointer to the current Azimuth. */
275  inline const dms &az() const
276  {
277  return Az;
278  }
279 
280  /** @return a pointer to the current Altitude. */
281  inline const dms &alt() const
282  {
283  return Alt;
284  }
285 
286  /**
287  * @return refracted altitude. This function uses
288  * Options::useRefraction to determine whether refraction
289  * correction should be applied
290  */
291  dms altRefracted() const;
292 
293  /** @return the JD for the precessed coordinates */
294  inline double getLastPrecessJD() const
295  {
296  return lastPrecessJD;
297  }
298 
299  /**
300  * @return the airmass of the point. Convenience method.
301  * @note Question: is it better to use alt or refracted alt? Minor difference, probably doesn't matter.
302  */
303  inline double airmass() const
304  {
305  return 1. / sin(alt().radians());
306  }
307 
308  ////
309  //// 3. Coordinate conversions.
310  //// ==========================
311 
312  /**
313  * Determine the (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates of the
314  * SkyPoint from its (RA, Dec) coordinates, given the local
315  * sidereal time and the observer's latitude.
316  * @param LST pointer to the local sidereal time
317  * @param lat pointer to the geographic latitude
318  */
319  void EquatorialToHorizontal(const CachingDms *LST, const CachingDms *lat);
320 
321  // Deprecated method provided for compatibility
322  void EquatorialToHorizontal(const dms *LST, const dms *lat);
323 
324  /**
325  * Determine the (RA, Dec) coordinates of the
326  * SkyPoint from its (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates, given the local
327  * sidereal time and the observer's latitude.
328  *
329  * @param LST pointer to the local sidereal time
330  * @param lat pointer to the geographic latitude
331  */
332  void HorizontalToEquatorial(const dms *LST, const dms *lat);
333 
334  /**
335  * Determine the Ecliptic coordinates of the SkyPoint, given the Julian Date.
336  * The ecliptic coordinates are returned as reference arguments (since
337  * they are not stored internally)
338  */
339  void findEcliptic(const CachingDms *Obliquity, dms &EcLong, dms &EcLat);
340 
341  /**
342  * Set the current (RA, Dec) coordinates of the
343  * SkyPoint, given pointers to its Ecliptic (Long, Lat) coordinates, and
344  * to the current obliquity angle (the angle between the equator and ecliptic).
345  */
346  void setFromEcliptic(const CachingDms *Obliquity, const dms &EcLong, const dms &EcLat);
347 
348  /**
349  * Computes galactic coordinates from equatorial coordinates referred to
350  * epoch 1950. RA and Dec are, therefore assumed to be B1950 coordinates.
351  */
352  void Equatorial1950ToGalactic(dms &galLong, dms &galLat);
353 
354  /**
355  * Computes equatorial coordinates referred to 1950 from galactic ones referred to
356  * epoch B1950. RA and Dec are, therefore assumed to be B1950 coordinates.
357  */
358  void GalacticToEquatorial1950(const dms *galLong, const dms *galLat);
359 
360  ////
361  //// 4. Coordinate update/corrections.
362  //// =================================
363 
364  /**
365  * Determine the current coordinates (RA, Dec) from the catalog
366  * coordinates (RA0, Dec0), accounting for both precession and nutation.
367  * @param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of time-dependent variables.
368  * @param includePlanets does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
369  * @param lat does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
370  * @param LST does nothing in this implementation (see KSPlanetBase::updateCoords()).
371  * @param forceRecompute reapplies precession, nutation and aberration even if the time passed
372  * since the last computation is not significant.
373  */
374  virtual void updateCoords(const KSNumbers *num, bool includePlanets = true, const CachingDms *lat = nullptr,
375  const CachingDms *LST = nullptr, bool forceRecompute = false);
376 
377  /**
378  * @brief updateCoordsNow Shortcut for updateCoords( const KSNumbers *num, false, nullptr, nullptr, true)
379  *
380  * @param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of time-dependent variables.
381  */
382  virtual void updateCoordsNow(const KSNumbers *num)
383  {
384  updateCoords(num, false, nullptr, nullptr, true);
385  }
386 
387  /**
388  * Computes the apparent coordinates for this SkyPoint for any epoch,
389  * accounting for the effects of precession, nutation, and aberration.
390  * Similar to updateCoords(), but the starting epoch need not be
391  * J2000, and the target epoch need not be the present time.
392  *
393  * @param jd0 Julian Day which identifies the original epoch
394  * @param jdf Julian Day which identifies the final epoch
395  */
396  void apparentCoord(long double jd0, long double jdf);
397 
398  /**
399  * Computes the J2000.0 catalogue coordinates for this SkyPoint using the epoch
400  * removing aberration, nutation and precession
401  * Catalogue coordinates are in Ra0, Dec0 as well as Ra, Dec and lastPrecessJD is set to J2000.0
402  *
403  * @FIXME We do not undo nutation and aberration
404  * @brief catalogueCoord converts observed to J2000 using epoch jdf
405  * @param jdf Julian Day which identifies the current epoch
406  * @return SpyPoint containing J2000 coordinates
407  */
408 
409  SkyPoint catalogueCoord(long double jdf);
410 
411 
412  /**
413  * Apply the effects of nutation to this SkyPoint.
414  *
415  * @param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of
416  * time-dependent variables.
417  * @param reverse bool, if true the nutation is removed
418  */
419  void nutate(const KSNumbers *num, const bool reverse = false);
420 
421  /**
422  * @short Check if this sky point is close enough to the sun for
423  * gravitational lensing to be significant
424  */
425  bool checkBendLight();
426 
427  /**
428  * Correct for the effect of "bending" of light around the sun for
429  * positions near the sun.
430  *
431  * General Relativity tells us that a photon with an impact
432  * parameter b is deflected through an angle 1.75" (Rs / b) where
433  * Rs is the solar radius.
434  *
435  * @return: true if the light was bent, false otherwise
436  */
437  bool bendlight();
438 
439  /**
440  * @short Obtain a Skypoint with RA0 and Dec0 set from the RA, Dec
441  * of this skypoint. Also set the RA0, Dec0 of this SkyPoint if not
442  * set already and the target epoch is J2000.
443  */
444  SkyPoint deprecess(const KSNumbers *num, long double epoch = J2000);
445 
446  /**
447  * Determine the effects of aberration for this SkyPoint.
448  *
449  * @param num pointer to KSNumbers object containing current values of
450  * time-dependent variables.
451  * @param reverse bool, if true the aberration is removed.
452  */
453  void aberrate(const KSNumbers *num, bool reverse = false);
454 
455  /**
456  * General case of precession. It precess from an original epoch to a
457  * final epoch. In this case RA0, and Dec0 from SkyPoint object represent
458  * the coordinates for the original epoch and not for J2000, as usual.
459  *
460  * @param jd0 Julian Day which identifies the original epoch
461  * @param jdf Julian Day which identifies the final epoch
462  */
463  void precessFromAnyEpoch(long double jd0, long double jdf);
464 
465  /**
466  * Determine the E-terms of aberration
467  * In the past, the mean places of stars published in catalogs included
468  * the contribution to the aberration due to the ellipticity of the orbit
469  * of the Earth. These terms, known as E-terms were almost constant, and
470  * in the newer catalogs (FK5) are not included. Therefore to convert from
471  * FK4 to FK5 one has to compute these E-terms.
472  */
473  SkyPoint Eterms(void);
474 
475  /**
476  * Exact precession from Besselian epoch 1950 to epoch J2000. The
477  * coordinates referred to the first epoch are in the
478  * FK4 catalog, while the latter are in the Fk5 one.
479  *
480  * Reference: Smith, C. A.; Kaplan, G. H.; Hughes, J. A.; Seidelmann,
481  * P. K.; Yallop, B. D.; Hohenkerk, C. Y.
482  * Astronomical Journal, vol. 97, Jan. 1989, p. 265-279
483  *
484  * This transformation requires 4 steps:
485  * - Correct E-terms
486  * - Precess from B1950 to 1984, January 1st, 0h, using Newcomb expressions
487  * - Add zero point correction in right ascension for 1984
488  * - Precess from 1984, January 1st, 0h to J2000
489  */
490  void B1950ToJ2000(void);
491 
492  /**
493  * Exact precession from epoch J2000 Besselian epoch 1950. The coordinates
494  * referred to the first epoch are in the FK4 catalog, while the
495  * latter are in the Fk5 one.
496  *
497  * Reference: Smith, C. A.; Kaplan, G. H.; Hughes, J. A.; Seidelmann,
498  * P. K.; Yallop, B. D.; Hohenkerk, C. Y.
499  * Astronomical Journal, vol. 97, Jan. 1989, p. 265-279
500  *
501  * This transformation requires 4 steps:
502  * - Precess from J2000 to 1984, January 1st, 0h
503  * - Add zero point correction in right ascension for 1984
504  * - Precess from 1984, January 1st, 0h, to B1950 using Newcomb expressions
505  * - Correct E-terms
506  */
507  void J2000ToB1950(void);
508 
509  /**
510  * Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due
511  * to the ellipticity of the orbit of the Earth. Coordinates in the FK5
512  * catalog do not include these terms. In order to convert from B1950 (FK4)
513  * to actual mean places one has to use this function.
514  */
515  void addEterms(void);
516 
517  /**
518  * Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due
519  * to the ellipticity of the orbit of the Earth. Coordinates in the FK5
520  * catalog do not include these terms. In order to convert from
521  * FK5 coordinates to B1950 (FK4) one has to use this function.
522  */
523  void subtractEterms(void);
524 
525  /**
526  * Computes the angular distance between two SkyObjects. The algorithm
527  * to compute this distance is:
528  * cos(distance) = sin(d1)*sin(d2) + cos(d1)*cos(d2)*cos(a1-a2)
529  * where a1,d1 are the coordinates of the first object and a2,d2 are
530  * the coordinates of the second object.
531  * However this algorithm is not accurate when the angular separation is small.
532  * Meeus provides a different algorithm in page 111 which we implement here.
533  *
534  * @param sp SkyPoint to which distance is to be calculated
535  * @param positionAngle if a non-null pointer is passed, the position angle [E of N]
536  * in degrees from this SkyPoint to sp is computed and stored in the passed variable.
537  * @return dms angle representing angular separation.
538  **/
539  dms angularDistanceTo(const SkyPoint *sp, double *const positionAngle = nullptr) const;
540 
541  /** @return returns true if _current_ epoch RA / Dec match */
542  inline bool operator==(SkyPoint &p) const
543  {
544  return (ra() == p.ra() && dec() == p.dec());
545  }
546 
547  /**
548  * Computes the velocity of the Sun projected on the direction of the source.
549  *
550  * @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
551  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
552  **/
553  double vRSun(long double jd);
554 
555  /**
556  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter
557  * from the radial velocity referred to the
558  * Local Standard of Rest, aka known as VLSR. To compute it we need the coordinates of the
559  * source the VLSR and the epoch for the source coordinates.
560  *
561  * @param vlsr radial velocity of the source referred to the LSR in km/s
562  * @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
563  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
564  **/
565  double vHeliocentric(double vlsr, long double jd);
566 
567  /**
568  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the Local Standard of Rest, also known as VLSR
569  * from the radial velocity referred to the solar system barycenter
570  *
571  * @param vhelio radial velocity of the source referred to the LSR in km/s
572  * @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
573  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the solar system in km/s
574  **/
575  double vHelioToVlsr(double vhelio, long double jd);
576 
577  /**
578  * Computes the velocity of any object projected on the direction of the source.
579  *
580  * @param jd0 Julian day for which we compute the direction of the source
581  * @return velocity of the Earth projected on the direction of the source kms-1
582  */
583  double vREarth(long double jd0);
584 
585  /**
586  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the earth
587  * from the radial velocity referred to the solar system barycenter
588  *
589  * @param vhelio radial velocity of the source referred to the barycenter of the
590  * solar system in km/s
591  * @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
592  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the Earth in km/s
593  **/
594  double vGeocentric(double vhelio, long double jd);
595 
596  /**
597  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter
598  * from the velocity referred to the center of the earth
599  *
600  * @param vgeo radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the Earth [km/s]
601  * @param jd Epoch expressed as julian day to which the source coordinates refer to.
602  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the solar system barycenter in km/s
603  **/
604  double vGeoToVHelio(double vgeo, long double jd);
605 
606  /**
607  * Computes the velocity of any object (observer's site) projected on the
608  * direction of the source.
609  *
610  * @param vsite velocity of that object in cartesian coordinates
611  * @return velocity of the object projected on the direction of the source kms-1
612  */
613  double vRSite(double vsite[3]);
614 
615  /**
616  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the observer site on the surface
617  * of the earth from the geocentric velocity and the velocity of the site referred to the center
618  * of the Earth.
619  *
620  * @param vgeo radial velocity of the source referred to the center of the earth in km/s
621  * @param vsite Velocity at which the observer moves referred to the center of the earth.
622  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred to the observer's site in km/s
623  **/
624  double vTopocentric(double vgeo, double vsite[3]);
625 
626  /**
627  * Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the Earth from
628  * the radial velocity referred to an observer site on the surface of the earth
629  *
630  * @param vtopo radial velocity of the source referred to the observer's site in km/s
631  * @param vsite Velocity at which the observer moves referred to the center of the earth.
632  * @return Radial velocity of the source referred the center of the earth in km/s
633  **/
634  double vTopoToVGeo(double vtopo, double vsite[3]);
635 
636  /**
637  * Find the SkyPoint obtained by moving distance dist
638  * (arcseconds) away from the givenSkyPoint
639  *
640  * @param dist Distance to move through in arcseconds
641  * @param from The SkyPoint to move away from
642  * @return a SkyPoint that is at the dist away from this SkyPoint in the direction away from
643  */
644  SkyPoint moveAway(const SkyPoint &from, double dist) const;
645 
646  /** @short Check if this point is circumpolar at the given geographic latitude */
647  bool checkCircumpolar(const dms *gLat) const;
648 
649  /** Calculate refraction correction. Parameter and return value are in degrees */
650  static double refractionCorr(double alt);
651 
652  /**
653  * @short Apply refraction correction to altitude, depending on conditional
654  *
655  * @param alt altitude to be corrected, in degrees
656  * @param conditional an optional boolean to decide whether to apply the correction or not
657  * @note If conditional is false, this method returns its argument unmodified. This is a convenience feature as it is often needed to gate these corrections.
658  * @return altitude after refraction correction (if applicable), in degrees
659  */
660  static double refract(const double alt, bool conditional = true);
661 
662  /**
663  * @short Remove refraction correction, depending on conditional
664  *
665  * @param alt altitude from which refraction correction must be removed, in degrees
666  * @param conditional an optional boolean to decide whether to undo the correction or not
667  * @return altitude without refraction correction, in degrees
668  * @note If conditional is false, this method returns its argument unmodified. This is a convenience feature as it is often needed to gate these corrections.
669  */
670  static double unrefract(const double alt, bool conditional = true);
671 
672  /**
673  * @short Apply refraction correction to altitude. Overloaded method using
674  * dms provided for convenience
675  * @see SkyPoint::refract( const double alt )
676  */
677  static inline dms refract(const dms alt, bool conditional = true)
678  {
679  return dms(refract(alt.Degrees(), conditional));
680  }
681 
682  /**
683  * @short Remove refraction correction. Overloaded method using
684  * dms provided for convenience
685  * @see SkyPoint::unrefract( const double alt )
686  */
687  static inline dms unrefract(const dms alt, bool conditional = true)
688  {
689  return dms(unrefract(alt.Degrees(), conditional));
690  }
691 
692  /**
693  * @short Compute the altitude of a given skypoint hour hours from the given date/time
694  *
695  * @param p SkyPoint whose altitude is to be computed (const pointer, the method works on a clone)
696  * @param dt Date/time that corresponds to 0 hour
697  * @param geo GeoLocation object specifying the location
698  * @param hour double specifying offset in hours from dt for which altitude is to be found
699  * @return a dms containing (unrefracted?) altitude of the object at dt + hour hours at the given location
700  *
701  * @note This method is used in multiple places across KStars
702  * @todo Fix code duplication in AltVsTime and KSAlmanac by using this method instead! FIXME.
703  */
704  static dms findAltitude(const SkyPoint *p, const KStarsDateTime &dt, const GeoLocation *geo, const double hour = 0);
705 
706  /**
707  * @short returns a time-transformed SkyPoint. See SkyPoint::findAltitude() for details
708  * @todo Fix this documentation.
709  */
710  static SkyPoint timeTransformed(const SkyPoint *p, const KStarsDateTime &dt, const GeoLocation *geo,
711  const double hour = 0);
712 
713  /**
714  * @short Critical height for atmospheric refraction
715  * corrections. Below this, the height formula produces meaningless
716  * results and the correction value is just interpolated.
717  */
718  static const double altCrit;
719 
720  /**
721  * @short Return the object's altitude at the upper culmination for the given latitude
722  *
723  * @return the maximum altitude in degrees
724  */
725  double maxAlt(const dms &lat) const;
726 
727  /**
728  * @short Return the object's altitude at the lower culmination for the given latitude
729  *
730  * @return the minimum altitude in degrees
731  */
732  double minAlt(const dms &lat) const;
733 
734 #ifdef PROFILE_COORDINATE_CONVERSION
735  static double cpuTime_EqToHz;
736  static long unsigned eqToHzCalls;
737 #endif
738  static bool implementationIsLibnova;
739 
740  protected:
741  /**
742  * Precess this SkyPoint's catalog coordinates to the epoch described by the
743  * given KSNumbers object.
744  *
745  * @param num pointer to a KSNumbers object describing the target epoch.
746  */
747  void precess(const KSNumbers *num);
748 
749 #ifdef UNIT_TEST
750  friend class TestSkyPoint; // Test class
751 #endif
752 
753  private:
754  CachingDms RA0, Dec0; //catalog coordinates
755  CachingDms RA, Dec; //current true sky coordinates
756  dms Alt, Az;
757  static KSSun *m_Sun;
758 
759 
760  // long version of these epochs
761 #define J2000L 2451545.0L //Julian Date for noon on Jan 1, 2000 (epoch J2000)
762 #define B1950L 2433282.4235L // Julian date for Jan 0.9235, 1950
763 
764  protected:
765  double lastPrecessJD { 0 }; // JD at which the last coordinate (see updateCoords) for this SkyPoint was done
766 };
767 
768 #ifndef KSTARS_LITE
769 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(SkyPoint)
770 QDBusArgument &operator<<(QDBusArgument &argument, const SkyPoint &source);
771 const QDBusArgument &operator>>(const QDBusArgument &argument, SkyPoint &dest);
772 #endif
static double unrefract(const double alt, bool conditional=true)
Remove refraction correction, depending on conditional.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1091
const dms & alt() const
Definition: skypoint.h:281
void setRA0(double r)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:109
Extension of QDateTime for KStars KStarsDateTime can represent the date/time as a Julian Day,...
bool checkCircumpolar(const dms *gLat) const
Check if this point is circumpolar at the given geographic latitude.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1045
void setAlt(dms alt)
Sets Alt, the Altitude.
Definition: skypoint.h:194
bool bendlight()
Correct for the effect of "bending" of light around the sun for positions near the sun.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:425
double vREarth(long double jd0)
Computes the velocity of any object projected on the direction of the source.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:982
void setD(const double &x) override
Sets the angle in degrees supplied as a double.
Definition: cachingdms.h:59
virtual void setD(const double &x)
Sets floating-point value of angle, in degrees.
Definition: dms.h:179
static SkyPoint timeTransformed(const SkyPoint *p, const KStarsDateTime &dt, const GeoLocation *geo, const double hour=0)
returns a time-transformed SkyPoint.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1121
static double refractionCorr(double alt)
Calculate refraction correction.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1065
void setDec(double d)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:184
void setDec0(double d)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:134
void findEcliptic(const CachingDms *Obliquity, dms &EcLong, dms &EcLat)
Determine the Ecliptic coordinates of the SkyPoint, given the Julian Date.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:187
void GalacticToEquatorial1950(const dms *galLong, const dms *galLat)
Computes equatorial coordinates referred to 1950 from galactic ones referred to epoch B1950.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:754
Stores dms coordinates for a point in the sky. for converting between coordinate systems.
Definition: skypoint.h:44
void setAz(double az)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:241
a dms subclass that caches its sine and cosine values every time the angle is changed.
Definition: cachingdms.h:18
void setDec0(dms d)
Sets Dec0, the catalog Declination.
Definition: skypoint.h:119
double vTopocentric(double vgeo, double vsite[3])
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the observer site on the surface of the earth fr...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1040
double minAlt(const dms &lat) const
Return the object's altitude at the lower culmination for the given latitude.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1144
SkyPoint Eterms(void)
Determine the E-terms of aberration In the past, the mean places of stars published in catalogs inclu...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:868
bool operator==(SkyPoint &p) const
Definition: skypoint.h:542
void subtractEterms(void)
Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due to the ellipticity of the orbit o...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:891
static double refract(const double alt, bool conditional=true)
Apply refraction correction to altitude, depending on conditional.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1070
void J2000ToB1950(void)
Exact precession from epoch J2000 Besselian epoch 1950.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:819
void setRA0(dms r)
Sets RA0, the catalog Right Ascension.
Definition: skypoint.h:94
double vGeocentric(double vhelio, long double jd)
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the earth from the radial velocity...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1015
void EquatorialToHorizontal(const CachingDms *LST, const CachingDms *lat)
Determine the (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates of the SkyPoint from its (RA, Dec) coordinates,...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:77
dms altRefracted() const
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1050
double getLastPrecessJD() const
Definition: skypoint.h:294
double airmass() const
Definition: skypoint.h:303
static dms unrefract(const dms alt, bool conditional=true)
Remove refraction correction.
Definition: skypoint.h:687
double maxAlt(const dms &lat) const
Return the object's altitude at the upper culmination for the given latitude.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1136
double vRSun(long double jd)
Computes the velocity of the Sun projected on the direction of the source.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:934
virtual void updateCoords(const KSNumbers *num, bool includePlanets=true, const CachingDms *lat=nullptr, const CachingDms *LST=nullptr, bool forceRecompute=false)
Determine the current coordinates (RA, Dec) from the catalog coordinates (RA0, Dec0),...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:582
Provides necessary information about the Sun.
Definition: kssun.h:23
Store several time-dependent astronomical quantities.
Definition: ksnumbers.h:42
const CachingDms & dec() const
Definition: skypoint.h:269
SkyPoint(double r, double d)
Alternate constructor using double arguments, for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:67
void precessFromAnyEpoch(long double jd0, long double jdf)
General case of precession.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:625
void setAltRefracted(dms alt_apparent)
Sets the apparent altitude, checking whether refraction corrections are enabled.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1055
SkyPoint(const dms &r, const dms &d)
Default constructor: Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according to arguments.
Definition: skypoint.h:54
void B1950ToJ2000(void)
Exact precession from Besselian epoch 1950 to epoch J2000.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:773
SkyPoint()
Default constructor.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:53
double vRSite(double vsite[3])
Computes the velocity of any object (observer's site) projected on the direction of the source.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1025
double vGeoToVHelio(double vgeo, long double jd)
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter from the velocity re...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1020
void Equatorial1950ToGalactic(dms &galLong, dms &galLat)
Computes galactic coordinates from equatorial coordinates referred to epoch 1950.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:735
void setFromEcliptic(const CachingDms *Obliquity, const dms &EcLong, const dms &EcLat)
Set the current (RA, Dec) coordinates of the SkyPoint, given pointers to its Ecliptic (Long,...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:201
void setH(const double &x) override
Sets the angle in hours, supplied as a double.
Definition: cachingdms.h:91
virtual void updateCoordsNow(const KSNumbers *num)
updateCoordsNow Shortcut for updateCoords( const KSNumbers *num, false, nullptr, nullptr,...
Definition: skypoint.h:382
dms angularDistanceTo(const SkyPoint *sp, double *const positionAngle=nullptr) const
Computes the angular distance between two SkyObjects.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:899
static const double altCrit
Critical height for atmospheric refraction corrections.
Definition: skypoint.h:718
void set(const dms &r, const dms &d)
Sets RA, Dec and RA0, Dec0 according to arguments.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:63
SkyPoint moveAway(const SkyPoint &from, double dist) const
Find the SkyPoint obtained by moving distance dist (arcseconds) away from the givenSkyPoint.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:371
void precess(const KSNumbers *num)
Precess this SkyPoint's catalog coordinates to the epoch described by the given KSNumbers object.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:223
void setRA(double r)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:159
void setAlt(double alt)
Overloaded member function, provided for convenience.
Definition: skypoint.h:220
An angle, stored as degrees, but expressible in many ways.
Definition: dms.h:37
SkyPoint deprecess(const KSNumbers *num, long double epoch=J2000)
Obtain a Skypoint with RA0 and Dec0 set from the RA, Dec of this skypoint.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:257
static dms findAltitude(const SkyPoint *p, const KStarsDateTime &dt, const GeoLocation *geo, const double hour=0)
Compute the altitude of a given skypoint hour hours from the given date/time.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1111
double vTopoToVGeo(double vtopo, double vsite[3])
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the center of the Earth from the radial velocity...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:1035
void setAz(dms az)
Sets Az, the Azimuth.
Definition: skypoint.h:230
const CachingDms & ra() const
Definition: skypoint.h:263
QDebug operator<<(QDebug d, const QCPVector2D &vec)
Definition: qcustomplot.h:446
void apparentCoord(long double jd0, long double jdf)
Computes the apparent coordinates for this SkyPoint for any epoch, accounting for the effects of prec...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:700
const CachingDms & dec0() const
Definition: skypoint.h:257
double vHeliocentric(double vlsr, long double jd)
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the solar system barycenter from the radial velo...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:972
const double & Degrees() const
Definition: dms.h:141
bool checkBendLight()
Check if this sky point is close enough to the sun for gravitational lensing to be significant.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:399
const CachingDms & ra0() const
Definition: skypoint.h:251
void setDec(dms d)
Sets Dec, the current Declination.
Definition: skypoint.h:169
void HorizontalToEquatorial(const dms *LST, const dms *lat)
Determine the (RA, Dec) coordinates of the SkyPoint from its (Altitude, Azimuth) coordinates,...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:143
void setRA(dms &r)
Sets RA, the current Right Ascension.
Definition: skypoint.h:144
double vHelioToVlsr(double vhelio, long double jd)
Computes the radial velocity of a source referred to the Local Standard of Rest, also known as VLSR f...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:977
static dms refract(const dms alt, bool conditional=true)
Apply refraction correction to altitude.
Definition: skypoint.h:677
QDataStream & operator>>(QDataStream &in, KDateTime &dateTime)
void aberrate(const KSNumbers *num, bool reverse=false)
Determine the effects of aberration for this SkyPoint.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:454
void nutate(const KSNumbers *num, const bool reverse=false)
Apply the effects of nutation to this SkyPoint.
Definition: skypoint.cpp:275
SkyPoint catalogueCoord(long double jdf)
Computes the J2000.0 catalogue coordinates for this SkyPoint using the epoch removing aberration,...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:710
void addEterms(void)
Coordinates in the FK4 catalog include the effect of aberration due to the ellipticity of the orbit o...
Definition: skypoint.cpp:883
Relevant data about an observing location on Earth.
Definition: geolocation.h:27
const dms & az() const
Definition: skypoint.h:275
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