skyqpainter.cpp

/*
    SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2010 Henry de Valence <hdevalence@gmail.com>
 
    SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
*/
 
#include "skyqpainter.h"
 
#include <QPointer>
 
#include "kstarsdata.h"
#include "kstars.h"
#include "Options.h"
#include "skymap.h"
#include "projections/projector.h"
#include "skycomponents/flagcomponent.h"
#include "skycomponents/linelist.h"
#include "skycomponents/linelistlabel.h"
#include "skycomponents/satellitescomponent.h"
#include "skycomponents/skiphashlist.h"
#include "skycomponents/skymapcomposite.h"
#include "skycomponents/solarsystemcomposite.h"
#include "skycomponents/earthshadowcomponent.h"
#include "skycomponents/imageoverlaycomponent.h"
#include "skyobjects/skyobject.h"
#include "skyobjects/constellationsart.h"
#include "skyobjects/catalogobject.h"
#include "skyobjects/ksasteroid.h"
#include "skyobjects/kscomet.h"
#include "skyobjects/kssun.h"
#include "skyobjects/ksmoon.h"
#include "skyobjects/satellite.h"
#include "skyobjects/supernova.h"
#include "skyobjects/ksearthshadow.h"
#ifdef HAVE_INDI
#include "skyobjects/mosaictiles.h"
#endif
#include "hips/hipsrenderer.h"
#include "terrain/terrainrenderer.h"
#include <QElapsedTimer>
#include "auxiliary/rectangleoverlap.h"
 
namespace
{
// Convert spectral class to numerical index.
// If spectral class is invalid return index for white star (A class)
int harvardToIndex(char c)
{
    switch (c)
    {
        case 'o':
        case 'O':
            return 0;
        case 'b':
        case 'B':
            return 1;
        case 'a':
        case 'A':
            return 2;
        case 'f':
        case 'F':
            return 3;
        case 'g':
        case 'G':
            return 4;
        case 'k':
        case 'K':
            return 5;
        case 'm':
        case 'M':
            return 6;
        // For unknown spectral class assume A class (white star)
        default:
            return 2;
    }
}
 
// Total number of sizes of stars.
const int nStarSizes = 15;
// Total number of spectral classes
// N.B. Must be in sync with harvardToIndex
const int nSPclasses = 7;
 
// Cache for star images.
//
// These pixmaps are never deallocated. Not really good...
QPixmap *imageCache[nSPclasses][nStarSizes] = { { nullptr } };
 
std::unique_ptr<QPixmap> visibleSatPixmap, invisibleSatPixmap;
} // namespace
 
int SkyQPainter::starColorMode           = 0;
QColor SkyQPainter::m_starColor          = QColor();
QMap<char, QColor> SkyQPainter::ColorMap = QMap<char, QColor>();
 
void SkyQPainter::releaseImageCache()
{
    for (char &color : ColorMap.keys())
    {
        QPixmap **pmap = imageCache[harvardToIndex(color)];
 
        for (int size = 1; size < nStarSizes; size++)
        {
            if (pmap[size])
                delete pmap[size];
 
            pmap[size] = nullptr;
        }
    }
}
 
SkyQPainter::SkyQPainter(QPaintDevice *pd) : SkyPainter(), QPainter()
{
    Q_ASSERT(pd);
    m_pd         = pd;
    m_size       = QSize(pd->width(), pd->height());
    m_hipsRender = new HIPSRenderer();
}
 
SkyQPainter::SkyQPainter(QPaintDevice *pd, const QSize &size) : SkyPainter(), QPainter()
{
    Q_ASSERT(pd);
    m_pd         = pd;
    m_size       = size;
    m_hipsRender = new HIPSRenderer();
}
 
SkyQPainter::SkyQPainter(QWidget *widget, QPaintDevice *pd) : SkyPainter(), QPainter()
{
    Q_ASSERT(widget);
    // Set paint device pointer to pd or to the widget if pd = 0
    m_pd         = (pd ? pd : widget);
    m_size       = widget->size();
    m_hipsRender = new HIPSRenderer();
}
 
SkyQPainter::~SkyQPainter()
{
    delete (m_hipsRender);
}
 
void SkyQPainter::setSize(int width, int height)
{
    m_size.setWidth(width);
    m_size.setHeight(height);
}
 
void SkyQPainter::begin()
{
    QPainter::begin(m_pd);
    bool aa = !SkyMap::Instance()->isSlewing() && Options::useAntialias();
    setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, aa);
    setRenderHints(QPainter::Antialiasing | QPainter::SmoothPixmapTransform | QPainter::TextAntialiasing, aa);
    m_proj = SkyMap::Instance()->projector();
}
 
void SkyQPainter::end()
{
    QPainter::end();
}
 
namespace
{
// Circle intersection formula from https://dassencio.org/102
double circleOverlap(double d, double radius1, double radius2)
{
    // r1 is the radius of the larger circle.
    const double r1 = (radius1 >= radius2) ? radius1 : radius2;
    // r2 is the radius of the smaller circle.
    const double r2 = (radius1 >= radius2) ? radius2 : radius1;
 
    // No overlap.
    if (d > r1 + r2)
        return 0.0;
 
    // The smaller circle (with radius r2) is fully contained in larger circle.
    if (d == 0 || r2 + d <= r1)
        return M_PI * r2 * r2;
 
    // Some bounds checking.
    if (r1 <= 0 || r2 <= 0 || d < 0)
        return 0.0;
 
    // They partially overlap.
    const double d1 = (r1 * r1 - r2 * r2 + d * d) / (2 * d);
    const double d2 = d - d1;
    const double intersection =
        r1 * r1 * acos(d1 / r1) - d1 * sqrt(r1 * r1 - d1 * d1) +
        r2 * r2 * acos(d2 / r2) - d2 * sqrt(r2 * r2 - d2 * d2);
 
    return intersection;
}
} // namespace
 
QColor SkyQPainter::skyColor() const
{
    const QColor nightSky = KStarsData::Instance()->colorScheme()->colorNamed("SkyColor");
    QColor sky = nightSky;
    if (Options::simulateDaytime())
    {
        KSSun *sun = KStarsData::Instance()->skyComposite()->solarSystemComposite()->sun();
        if (sun)
        {
            const double nightFraction = sun->nightFraction();
            const double dayFraction = 1 - nightFraction;
            const QColor daySky = KStarsData::Instance()->colorScheme()->colorNamed("SkyColorDaytime");
            sky = QColor(nightFraction * nightSky.red()   + dayFraction * daySky.red(),
                         nightFraction * nightSky.green() + dayFraction * daySky.green(),
                         nightFraction * nightSky.blue()  + dayFraction * daySky.blue());
 
            // Just for kicks, check if sun is eclipsed!
            const KSMoon *moon = KStarsData::Instance()->skyComposite()->solarSystemComposite()->moon();
            if (moon)
            {
                const double separation = sun->angularDistanceTo(moon).Degrees();
                const double sunRadius = sun->angSize() * 0.5 / 60.0;
                const double moonRadius = moon->angSize() * 0.5 / 60.0;
                if (separation < sunRadius + moonRadius)
                {
                    // Ongoing eclipse!
 
                    if (moonRadius >= separation + sunRadius)
                        sky = nightSky;  // Totality!
                    else
                    {
                        // We (arbitrarily) dim the sun when it is more than 95% obscured.
                        // It is changed linearly from 100% day color at 5% visible, to 100% night color at 0% visible.
                        const double sunArea = M_PI * sunRadius * sunRadius;
                        const double overlapArea = circleOverlap(separation, moonRadius, sunRadius);
                        const double sunFraction = (sunArea - overlapArea) / sunArea;
                        if (sunFraction <= .05)
                        {
                            const double dayFraction = sunFraction / .05;
                            const double nightFraction = 1 - dayFraction;
                            sky = QColor(dayFraction * sky.red()   + nightFraction * nightSky.red(),
                                         dayFraction * sky.green() + nightFraction * nightSky.green(),
                                         dayFraction * sky.blue()  + nightFraction * nightSky.blue());
 
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return sky;
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawSkyBackground()
{
    fillRect(0, 0, m_size.width(), m_size.height(), skyColor());
}
 
void SkyQPainter::setPen(const QPen &pen)
{
    QPainter::setPen(pen);
}
 
void SkyQPainter::setBrush(const QBrush &brush)
{
    QPainter::setBrush(brush);
}
 
void SkyQPainter::initStarImages()
{
    const int starColorIntensity = Options::starColorIntensity();
 
    ColorMap.clear();
    switch (Options::starColorMode())
    {
        case 1: // Red stars.
            m_starColor = Qt::red;
            break;
        case 2: // Black stars.
            m_starColor = Qt::black;
            break;
        case 3: // White stars
            m_starColor = Qt::white;
            break;
        case 0:  // Real color
        default: // And use real color for everything else
            m_starColor = QColor();
            ColorMap.insert('O', QColor::fromRgb(0, 0, 255));
            ColorMap.insert('B', QColor::fromRgb(0, 200, 255));
            ColorMap.insert('A', QColor::fromRgb(0, 255, 255));
            ColorMap.insert('F', QColor::fromRgb(200, 255, 100));
            ColorMap.insert('G', QColor::fromRgb(255, 255, 0));
            ColorMap.insert('K', QColor::fromRgb(255, 100, 0));
            ColorMap.insert('M', QColor::fromRgb(255, 0, 0));
            break;
    }
    if (ColorMap.isEmpty())
    {
        ColorMap.insert('O', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('B', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('A', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('F', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('G', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('K', m_starColor);
        ColorMap.insert('M', m_starColor);
    }
 
    for (char &color : ColorMap.keys())
    {
        QPixmap BigImage(15, 15);
        BigImage.fill(Qt::transparent);
 
        QPainter p;
        p.begin(&BigImage);
 
        if (Options::starColorMode() == 0)
        {
            #if QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(6, 0, 0)
            float h, s, v, a;
            #else
            qreal h, s, v, a;
            #endif
            p.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, false);
            QColor starColor = ColorMap[color];
            starColor.getHsvF(&h, &s, &v, &a);
            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
                {
                    qreal x    = i - 7;
                    qreal y    = j - 7;
                    qreal dist = sqrt(x * x + y * y) / 7.0;
                    starColor.setHsvF(
                        h,
                        qMin(qreal(1),
                             dist < (10 - starColorIntensity) / 10.0 ? 0 : dist),
                        v,
                        qMax(qreal(0),
                             dist < (10 - starColorIntensity) / 20.0 ? 1 : 1 - dist));
                    p.setPen(starColor);
                    p.drawPoint(i, j);
                    p.drawPoint(14 - i, j);
                    p.drawPoint(i, 14 - j);
                    p.drawPoint(14 - i, 14 - j);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            p.setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, true);
            p.setPen(QPen(ColorMap[color], 2.0));
            p.setBrush(p.pen().color());
            p.drawEllipse(QRectF(2, 2, 10, 10));
        }
        p.end();
 
        // Cache array slice
        QPixmap **pmap = imageCache[harvardToIndex(color)];
 
        for (int size = 1; size < nStarSizes; size++)
        {
            if (!pmap[size])
                pmap[size] = new QPixmap();
            *pmap[size] = BigImage.scaled(size, size, Qt::KeepAspectRatio,
                                          Qt::SmoothTransformation);
        }
    }
    starColorMode = Options::starColorMode();
 
    if (!visibleSatPixmap.get())
        visibleSatPixmap.reset(new QPixmap(":/icons/kstars_satellites_visible.svg"));
    if (!invisibleSatPixmap.get())
        invisibleSatPixmap.reset(new QPixmap(":/icons/kstars_satellites_invisible.svg"));
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawSkyLine(SkyPoint * a, SkyPoint * b)
{
    bool aVisible, bVisible;
    QPointF aScreen = m_proj->toScreen(a, true, &aVisible);
    QPointF bScreen = m_proj->toScreen(b, true, &bVisible);
 
    drawLine(aScreen, bScreen);
 
    //THREE CASES:
    //    if (aVisible && bVisible)
    //    {
    //        //Both a,b visible, so paint the line normally:
    //        drawLine(aScreen, bScreen);
    //    }
    //    else if (aVisible)
    //    {
    //        //a is visible but b isn't:
    //        drawLine(aScreen, m_proj->clipLine(a, b));
    //    }
    //    else if (bVisible)
    //    {
    //        //b is visible but a isn't:
    //        drawLine(bScreen, m_proj->clipLine(b, a));
    //    } //FIXME: what if both are offscreen but the line isn't?
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawSkyPolyline(LineList * list, SkipHashList * skipList,
                                  LineListLabel * label)
{
    SkyList *points = list->points();
    bool isVisible, isVisibleLast;
 
    if (points->size() == 0)
        return;
    QPointF oLast = m_proj->toScreen(points->first().get(), true, &isVisibleLast);
    // & with the result of checkVisibility to clip away things below horizon
    isVisibleLast &= m_proj->checkVisibility(points->first().get());
    QPointF oThis, oThis2;
 
    for (int j = 1; j < points->size(); j++)
    {
        SkyPoint *pThis = points->at(j).get();
 
        oThis2 = oThis = m_proj->toScreen(pThis, true, &isVisible);
        // & with the result of checkVisibility to clip away things below horizon
        isVisible &= m_proj->checkVisibility(pThis);
        bool doSkip = false;
        if (skipList)
        {
            doSkip = skipList->skip(j);
        }
 
        bool pointsVisible = false;
        //Temporary solution to avoid random lines in Gnomonic projection and draw lines up to horizon
        if (SkyMap::Instance()->projector()->type() == Projector::Gnomonic)
        {
            if (isVisible && isVisibleLast)
                pointsVisible = true;
        }
        else
        {
            if (isVisible || isVisibleLast)
                pointsVisible = true;
        }
 
        if (!doSkip)
        {
            if (pointsVisible)
            {
                drawLine(oLast, oThis);
                if (label)
                    label->updateLabelCandidates(oThis.x(), oThis.y(), list, j);
            }
        }
 
        oLast         = oThis2;
        isVisibleLast = isVisible;
    }
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawSkyPolygon(LineList * list, bool forceClip)
{
    bool isVisible  = false, isVisibleLast;
    SkyList *points = list->points();
    QPolygonF polygon;
 
    if (forceClip == false)
    {
        for (const auto &point : *points)
        {
            polygon << m_proj->toScreen(point.get(), false, &isVisibleLast);
            isVisible |= isVisibleLast;
        }
 
        // If 1+ points are visible, draw it
        if (polygon.size() && isVisible)
            drawPolygon(polygon);
 
        return;
    }
 
    SkyPoint *pLast = points->last().get();
    QPointF oLast   = m_proj->toScreen(pLast, true, &isVisibleLast);
    // & with the result of checkVisibility to clip away things below horizon
    isVisibleLast &= m_proj->checkVisibility(pLast);
 
    for (const auto &point : *points)
    {
        SkyPoint *pThis = point.get();
        QPointF oThis   = m_proj->toScreen(pThis, true, &isVisible);
        // & with the result of checkVisibility to clip away things below horizon
        isVisible &= m_proj->checkVisibility(pThis);
 
        if (isVisible && isVisibleLast)
        {
            polygon << oThis;
        }
        else if (isVisibleLast)
        {
            QPointF oMid = m_proj->clipLine(pLast, pThis);
            polygon << oMid;
        }
        else if (isVisible)
        {
            QPointF oMid = m_proj->clipLine(pThis, pLast);
            polygon << oMid;
            polygon << oThis;
        }
 
        pLast         = pThis;
        oLast         = oThis;
        isVisibleLast = isVisible;
    }
 
    if (polygon.size())
        drawPolygon(polygon);
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawPlanet(KSPlanetBase * planet)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(planet))
        return false;
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(planet, true, &visible);
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(pos))
        return false;
 
    float fakeStarSize = (10.0 + log10(Options::zoomFactor()) - log10(MINZOOM)) *
                         (10 - planet->mag()) / 10;
    if (fakeStarSize > 15.0)
        fakeStarSize = 15.0;
 
    double size = planet->angSize() * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0;
    if (size < fakeStarSize && planet->name() != i18n("Sun") &&
            planet->name() != i18n("Moon"))
    {
        // Draw them as bright stars of appropriate color instead of images
        char spType;
        //FIXME: do these need i18n?
        if (planet->name() == i18n("Mars"))
        {
            spType = 'K';
        }
        else if (planet->name() == i18n("Jupiter") || planet->name() == i18n("Mercury") ||
                 planet->name() == i18n("Saturn"))
        {
            spType = 'F';
        }
        else
        {
            spType = 'B';
        }
        drawPointSource(pos, fakeStarSize, spType);
    }
    else
    {
        float sizemin = 1.0;
        if (planet->name() == i18n("Sun") || planet->name() == i18n("Moon"))
            sizemin = 8.0;
        if (planet->name() == i18n("Sun")) size = size * Options::sunScale();
        if (planet->name() == i18n("Moon")) size = size * Options::moonScale();
 
        if (size < sizemin)
            size = sizemin;
 
        if (Options::showPlanetImages() && !planet->image().isNull())
        {
            //Because Saturn has rings, we inflate its image size by a factor 2.5
            if (planet->name() == "Saturn")
                size = int(2.5 * size);
            // Scale size exponentially so it is visible at large zooms
            else if (planet->name() == "Pluto")
                size = int(size * exp(1.5 * size));
 
            save();
            translate(pos);
            rotate(m_proj->findPA(planet, pos.x(), pos.y()));
 
            QPainter::CompositionMode mode = compositionMode();
            // Use the Screen composition mode for the Moon to make it look nicer, especially the non-full
            // phases. When doing this, though, stars would shine through, so need to paint in the skycolor
            // behind it.
            if (planet->name() == i18n("Moon"))
            {
                auto keepBrush = brush();
                auto keepPen = pen();
                setBrush(skyColor());
                setPen(skyColor());
                setCompositionMode(QPainter::CompositionMode_SourceOver);
                drawEllipse(QRectF(-0.5 * size, -0.5 * size, size, size));
                setBrush(keepBrush);
                setPen(keepPen);
                setCompositionMode(QPainter::CompositionMode_Screen);
            }
            drawImage(QRectF(-0.5 * size, -0.5 * size, size, size), planet->image());
            setCompositionMode(mode);
 
            restore();
        }
        else //Otherwise, draw a simple circle.
        {
            drawEllipse(pos, size * .5, size * .5);
        }
    }
    return true;
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawEarthShadow(KSEarthShadow * shadow)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(shadow))
        return false;
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(shadow, true, &visible);
 
    if (!visible)
        return false;
 
    double umbra_size =
        shadow->getUmbraAngSize() * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0;
    double penumbra_size =
        shadow->getPenumbraAngSize() * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0;
 
    save();
    setBrush(QBrush(QColor(255, 96, 38, 128)));
    drawEllipse(pos, umbra_size, umbra_size);
    setBrush(QBrush(QColor(255, 96, 38, 90)));
    drawEllipse(pos, penumbra_size, penumbra_size);
    restore();
 
    return true;
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawComet(KSComet * com)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(com))
        return false;
 
    double size =
        com->angSize() * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0 / 2; // Radius
    if (size < 1)
        size = 1;
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(com, true, &visible);
 
    // Draw the coma. FIXME: Another Check??
    if (visible && m_proj->onScreen(pos))
    {
        // Draw the comet.
        drawEllipse(pos, size, size);
 
        double comaLength =
            (com->getComaAngSize().arcmin() * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0);
 
        // If coma is visible and long enough.
        if (Options::showCometComas() && comaLength > size)
        {
            KSSun *sun =
                KStarsData::Instance()->skyComposite()->solarSystemComposite()->sun();
 
            // Find the angle to the sun.
            double comaAngle = m_proj->findPA(sun, pos.x(), pos.y());
 
            const QVector<QPoint> coma = { QPoint(pos.x() - size, pos.y()),
                                           QPoint(pos.x() + size, pos.y()),
                                           QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y() + comaLength)
                                         };
 
            QPolygon comaPoly(coma);
 
            comaPoly =
                QTransform()
                .translate(pos.x(), pos.y())
                .rotate(
                    comaAngle) // Already + 180 Deg, because rotated from south, not north.
                .translate(-pos.x(), -pos.y())
                .map(comaPoly);
 
            save();
 
            // Nice fade for the Coma.
            QLinearGradient linearGrad(pos, comaPoly.point(2));
            linearGrad.setColorAt(0, QColor("white"));
            linearGrad.setColorAt(size / comaLength, QColor("white"));
            linearGrad.setColorAt(0.9, QColor("transparent"));
            setBrush(linearGrad);
 
            // Render Coma.
            drawConvexPolygon(comaPoly);
            restore();
        }
 
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawAsteroid(KSAsteroid * ast)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(ast))
    {
        return false;
    }
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(ast, true, &visible);
 
    if (visible && m_proj->onScreen(pos))
    {
        KStarsData *data = KStarsData::Instance();
 
        setPen(data->colorScheme()->colorNamed("AsteroidColor"));
        drawLine(QPoint(pos.x() - 1.0, pos.y()), QPoint(pos.x() + 1.0, pos.y()));
        drawLine(QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y() - 1.0), QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y() + 1.0));
 
        return true;
    }
 
    return false;
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawPointSource(const SkyPoint * loc, float mag, char sp)
{
    //Check if it's even visible before doing anything
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(loc))
        return false;
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(loc, true, &visible);
    // FIXME: onScreen here should use canvas size rather than SkyMap size, especially while printing in portrait mode!
    if (visible && m_proj->onScreen(pos))
    {
        drawPointSource(pos, starWidth(mag), sp);
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawPointSource(const QPointF &pos, float size, char sp)
{
    int isize = qMin(static_cast<int>(size), 14);
    if (!m_vectorStars || starColorMode == 0)
    {
        // Draw stars as bitmaps, either because we were asked to, or because we're painting real colors
        QPixmap *im  = imageCache[harvardToIndex(sp)][isize];
        float offset = 0.5 * im->width();
        drawPixmap(QPointF(pos.x() - offset, pos.y() - offset), *im);
    }
    else
    {
        // Draw stars as vectors, for better printing / SVG export etc.
        if (starColorMode != 4)
        {
            setPen(m_starColor);
            setBrush(m_starColor);
        }
        else
        {
            // Note: This is not efficient, but we use vector stars only when plotting SVG, not when drawing the skymap, so speed is not very important.
            QColor c = ColorMap.value(sp, Qt::white);
            setPen(c);
            setBrush(c);
        }
 
        // Be consistent with old raster representation
        if (size > 14)
            size = 14;
        if (size >= 2)
            drawEllipse(pos.x() - 0.5 * size, pos.y() - 0.5 * size, int(size), int(size));
        else if (size >= 1)
            drawPoint(pos.x(), pos.y());
    }
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawConstellationArtImage(ConstellationsArt * obj)
{
    double zoom = Options::zoomFactor();
 
    bool visible = false;
    obj->EquatorialToHorizontal(KStarsData::Instance()->lst(),
                                KStarsData::Instance()->geo()->lat());
    QPointF constellationmidpoint = m_proj->toScreen(obj, true, &visible);
 
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(constellationmidpoint))
        return false;
 
    //qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO << "o->pa() " << obj->pa();
    float positionangle =
        m_proj->findPA(obj, constellationmidpoint.x(), constellationmidpoint.y());
    //qDebug() << Q_FUNC_INFO << " final PA " << positionangle;
 
    float w = obj->getWidth() * 60 * dms::PI * zoom / 10800;
    float h = obj->getHeight() * 60 * dms::PI * zoom / 10800;
 
    save();
 
    setRenderHint(QPainter::SmoothPixmapTransform);
 
    translate(constellationmidpoint);
    rotate(positionangle);
    if (m_proj->viewParams().mirror)
    {
        scale(-1., 1.);
    }
    setOpacity(0.7);
    drawImage(QRectF(-0.5 * w, -0.5 * h, w, h), obj->image());
    setOpacity(1);
 
    setRenderHint(QPainter::SmoothPixmapTransform, false);
    restore();
    return true;
}
 
#ifdef HAVE_INDI
bool SkyQPainter::drawMosaicPanel(MosaicTiles * obj)
{
    bool visible = false;
    obj->EquatorialToHorizontal(KStarsData::Instance()->lst(),
                                KStarsData::Instance()->geo()->lat());
    QPointF tileMid = m_proj->toScreen(obj, true, &visible);
 
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(tileMid) || !obj->isValid())
        return false;
 
    //double northRotation = m_proj->findNorthPA(obj, tileMid.x(), tileMid.y())
 
    // convert 0 to +180 EAST, and 0 to -180 WEST to 0 to 360 CCW
    const auto mirror = m_proj->viewParams().mirror;
    auto PA = (obj->positionAngle() < 0) ? obj->positionAngle() + 360 : obj->positionAngle();
    auto finalPA =  m_proj->findNorthPA(obj, tileMid.x(), tileMid.y()) - (mirror ? -PA : PA);
 
    save();
    translate(tileMid.toPoint());
    rotate(finalPA);
    obj->draw(this);
    restore();
 
    return true;
}
#endif
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawHips(bool useCache)
{
    int w             = viewport().width();
    int h             = viewport().height();
 
    if (useCache && m_HiPSImage)
    {
        drawImage(viewport(), *m_HiPSImage.data());
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        m_HiPSImage.reset(new QImage(w, h, QImage::Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied));
        bool rendered     = m_hipsRender->render(w, h, m_HiPSImage.data(), m_proj);
        if (rendered)
            drawImage(viewport(), *m_HiPSImage.data());
        return rendered;
    }
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawTerrain(bool useCache)
{
    // TODO
    Q_UNUSED(useCache);
    int w                     = viewport().width();
    int h                     = viewport().height();
    QImage *terrainImage      = new QImage(w, h, QImage::Format_ARGB32_Premultiplied);
    TerrainRenderer *renderer = TerrainRenderer::Instance();
    bool rendered             = renderer->render(w, h, terrainImage, m_proj);
    if (rendered)
        drawImage(viewport(), *terrainImage);
 
    delete (terrainImage);
    return rendered;
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawImageOverlay(const QList<ImageOverlay> *imageOverlays, bool useCache)
{
    Q_UNUSED(useCache);
    if (!Options::showImageOverlays())
        return false;
 
    constexpr int minDisplayDimension = 5;
 
    // Convert the RA/DEC from j2000 to jNow and add in az/alt computations.
    auto localTime = KStarsData::Instance()->geo()->UTtoLT(KStarsData::Instance()->clock()->utc());
 
    const ViewParams view = m_proj->viewParams();
    const double vw = view.width, vh = view.height;
    RectangleOverlap overlap(QPointF(vw / 2.0, vh / 2.0), vw, vh);
 
    // QElapsedTimer drawTimer;
    // drawTimer.restart();
    int numDrawn = 0;
    for (const ImageOverlay &o : *imageOverlays)
    {
        if (o.m_Status != ImageOverlay::AVAILABLE || o.m_Img.get() == nullptr)
            continue;
 
        double orientation = o.m_Orientation,  ra = o.m_RA, dec = o.m_DEC, scale = o.m_ArcsecPerPixel;
        const int origWidth = o.m_Width, origHeight = o.m_Height;
 
        // Not sure why I have to do this, suspect it's related to the East-to-the-right thing.
        // Note that I have mirrored the image above, so east-to-the-right=false is now east-to-the-right=true
        // BTW, solver gave me -66, but astrometry.net gave me 246.1 East of North
        orientation += 180;
 
        const dms raDms(ra), decDms(dec);
        SkyPoint coord(raDms, decDms);
        coord.apparentCoord(static_cast<long double>(J2000), KStars::Instance()->data()->ut().djd());
        coord.EquatorialToHorizontal(KStarsData::Instance()->lst(), KStarsData::Instance()->geo()->lat());
 
        // Find if the object is not visible, or if it is very small.
        const double a = origWidth * scale / 60.0;  // This is the width of the image in arcmin--not the major axis
        const double zoom = Options::zoomFactor();
        // W & h are the actual pixel width and height (as doubles) though
        // the projection size might be smaller.
        const double w    = a * dms::PI * zoom / 10800.0;
        const double h    = w * origHeight / origWidth;
        const double maxDimension = std::max(w, h);
        if (maxDimension < minDisplayDimension)
            continue;
 
        bool visible;
        QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(&coord, true, &visible);
        if (!visible || isnan(pos.x()) || isnan(pos.y()))
            continue;
 
        const auto PA = (orientation < 0) ? orientation + 360 : orientation;
        const auto mirror = m_proj->viewParams().mirror;
        const auto finalPA =  m_proj->findNorthPA(&coord, pos.x(), pos.y()) - (mirror ? -PA : PA);
        if (!overlap.intersects(pos, w, h, finalPA))
            continue;
 
        save();
        translate(pos);
        rotate(finalPA);
        if (mirror)
        {
            this->scale(-1., 1.);
        }
        drawImage(QRectF(-0.5 * w, -0.5 * h, w, h), *(o.m_Img.get()));
        numDrawn++;
        restore();
    }
    // fprintf(stderr, "DrawTimer: %lldms for %d images\n", drawTimer.elapsed(), numDrawn);
    return true;
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawCatalogObjectImage(const QPointF &pos, const CatalogObject &obj,
        float positionAngle)
{
    const auto &image = obj.image();
 
    if (!image.first)
        return;
 
    double zoom = Options::zoomFactor();
    double w    = obj.a() * dms::PI * zoom / 10800.0;
    double h    = obj.e() * w;
 
    save();
    translate(pos);
    rotate(positionAngle);
    drawImage(QRectF(-0.5 * w, -0.5 * h, w, h), image.second);
    restore();
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawCatalogObject(const CatalogObject &obj)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(&obj))
        return false;
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(&obj, true, &visible);
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(pos))
        return false;
 
    // if size is 0.0 set it to 1.0, this are normally stars (type 0 and 1)
    // if we use size 0.0 the star wouldn't be drawn
    float majorAxis = obj.a();
    if (majorAxis == 0.0)
    {
        majorAxis = 1.0;
    }
 
    float size = majorAxis * dms::PI * Options::zoomFactor() / 10800.0;
 
    const auto mirror = m_proj->viewParams().mirror;
    const auto positionAngle = m_proj->findNorthPA(&obj, pos.x(), pos.y())
                               - (mirror ? -obj.pa() : obj.pa()) // FIXME: We seem to have two different conventions for PA sign in KStars!
                               + 90.;
 
    // Draw image
    if (Options::showInlineImages() && Options::zoomFactor() > 5. * MINZOOM &&
            !Options::showHIPS())
        drawCatalogObjectImage(pos, obj, positionAngle);
 
    // Draw Symbol
    drawDeepSkySymbol(pos, obj.type(), size, obj.e(), positionAngle);
 
    return true;
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawDeepSkySymbol(const QPointF &pos, int type, float size, float e,
                                    float positionAngle)
{
    float x    = pos.x();
    float y    = pos.y();
    float zoom = Options::zoomFactor();
 
    int isize = int(size);
 
    float dx1 = -0.5 * size;
    float dx2 = 0.5 * size;
    float dy1 = -1.0 * e * size / 2.;
    float dy2 = e * size / 2.;
    float x1  = x + dx1;
    float x2  = x + dx2;
    float y1  = y + dy1;
    float y2  = y + dy2;
 
    float dxa = -size / 4.;
    float dxb = size / 4.;
    float dya = -1.0 * e * size / 4.;
    float dyb = e * size / 4.;
    float xa  = x + dxa;
    float xb  = x + dxb;
    float ya  = y + dya;
    float yb  = y + dyb;
 
    QString color;
 
    float psize;
 
    QBrush tempBrush;
 
    std::function<void(float, float, float, float)> lambdaDrawEllipse;
    std::function<void(float, float, float, float)> lambdaDrawLine;
    std::function<void(float, float, float, float)> lambdaDrawCross;
 
    if (Options::useAntialias())
    {
        lambdaDrawEllipse = [this](float x, float y, float width, float height)
        {
            drawEllipse(QRectF(x, y, width, height));
        };
        lambdaDrawLine = [this](float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2)
        {
            drawLine(QLineF(x1, y1, x2, y2));
        };
        lambdaDrawCross = [this](float centerX, float centerY, float sizeX, float sizeY)
        {
            drawLine(
                QLineF(centerX - sizeX / 2., centerY, centerX + sizeX / 2., centerY));
            drawLine(
                QLineF(centerX, centerY - sizeY / 2., centerX, centerY + sizeY / 2.));
        };
    }
    else
    {
        lambdaDrawEllipse = [this](float x, float y, float width, float height)
        {
            drawEllipse(QRect(x, y, width, height));
        };
        lambdaDrawLine = [this](float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2)
        {
            drawLine(QLine(x1, y1, x2, y2));
        };
        lambdaDrawCross = [this](float centerX, float centerY, float sizeX, float sizeY)
        {
            drawLine(QLine(centerX - sizeX / 2., centerY, centerX + sizeX / 2., centerY));
            drawLine(QLine(centerX, centerY - sizeY / 2., centerX, centerY + sizeY / 2.));
        };
    }
 
    switch ((SkyObject::TYPE)type)
    {
        case SkyObject::STAR:
        case SkyObject::CATALOG_STAR: //catalog star
            //Some NGC/IC objects are stars...changed their type to 1 (was double star)
            if (size < 2.)
                size = 2.;
            lambdaDrawEllipse(x - size / 2., y - size / 2., size, size);
            break;
        case SkyObject::PLANET: //Planet
            break;
        case SkyObject::OPEN_CLUSTER:  //Open cluster; draw circle of points
        case SkyObject::ASTERISM: // Asterism
        {
            tempBrush = brush();
            color     = pen().color().name();
            setBrush(pen().color());
            psize = 2.;
            if (size > 50.)
                psize *= 2.;
            if (size > 100.)
                psize *= 2.;
            auto putDot = [psize, &lambdaDrawEllipse](float x, float y)
            {
                lambdaDrawEllipse(x - psize / 2., y - psize / 2., psize, psize);
            };
            putDot(xa, y1);
            putDot(xb, y1);
            putDot(xa, y2);
            putDot(xb, y2);
            putDot(x1, ya);
            putDot(x1, yb);
            putDot(x2, ya);
            putDot(x2, yb);
            setBrush(tempBrush);
            break;
        }
        case SkyObject::GLOBULAR_CLUSTER: //Globular Cluster
            if (size < 2.)
                size = 2.;
            save();
            translate(x, y);
            color = pen().color().name();
            rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
            lambdaDrawEllipse(dx1, dy1, size, e * size);
            lambdaDrawCross(0, 0, size, e * size);
            restore(); //reset coordinate system
            break;
 
        case SkyObject::GASEOUS_NEBULA:  //Gaseous Nebula
        case SkyObject::DARK_NEBULA: // Dark Nebula
            save();
            translate(x, y);
            rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
            color = pen().color().name();
            lambdaDrawLine(dx1, dy1, dx2, dy1);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx2, dy1, dx2, dy2);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx2, dy2, dx1, dy2);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx1, dy2, dx1, dy1);
            restore(); //reset coordinate system
            break;
        case SkyObject::PLANETARY_NEBULA: //Planetary Nebula
            if (size < 2.)
                size = 2.;
            save();
            translate(x, y);
            rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
            color = pen().color().name();
            lambdaDrawEllipse(dx1, dy1, size, e * size);
            lambdaDrawLine(0., dy1, 0., dy1 - e * size / 2.);
            lambdaDrawLine(0., dy2, 0., dy2 + e * size / 2.);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx1, 0., dx1 - size / 2., 0.);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx2, 0., dx2 + size / 2., 0.);
            restore(); //reset coordinate system
            break;
        case SkyObject::SUPERNOVA_REMNANT: //Supernova remnant // FIXME: Why is SNR drawn different from a gaseous nebula?
            save();
            translate(x, y);
            rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
            color = pen().color().name();
            lambdaDrawLine(0., dy1, dx2, 0.);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx2, 0., 0., dy2);
            lambdaDrawLine(0., dy2, dx1, 0.);
            lambdaDrawLine(dx1, 0., 0., dy1);
            restore(); //reset coordinate system
            break;
        case SkyObject::GALAXY:  //Galaxy
        case SkyObject::QUASAR: // Quasar
            color = pen().color().name();
            if (size < 1. && zoom > 20 * MINZOOM)
                size = 3.; //force ellipse above zoomFactor 20
            if (size < 1. && zoom > 5 * MINZOOM)
                size = 1.; //force points above zoomFactor 5
            if (size > 2.)
            {
                save();
                translate(x, y);
                rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
                lambdaDrawEllipse(dx1, dy1, size, e * size);
                restore(); //reset coordinate system
            }
            else if (size > 0.)
            {
                drawPoint(QPointF(x, y));
            }
            break;
        case SkyObject::GALAXY_CLUSTER: // Galaxy cluster - draw a dashed circle
        {
            tempBrush = brush();
            setBrush(QBrush());
            color = pen().color().name();
            save();
            translate(x, y);
            rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
            QPen newPen = pen();
            newPen.setStyle(Qt::DashLine);
            setPen(newPen);
            lambdaDrawEllipse(dx1, dy1, size, e * size);
            restore();
            setBrush(tempBrush);
            break;
        }
            default
: // Unknown object or something we don't know how to draw. Just draw an ellipse with a ?-mark
            color = pen().color().name();
            if (size < 1. && zoom > 20 * MINZOOM)
                size = 3.; //force ellipse above zoomFactor 20
            if (size < 1. && zoom > 5 * MINZOOM)
                size = 1.; //force points above zoomFactor 5
            if (size > 2.)
            {
                save();
                QFont f             = font();
                const QString qMark = " ? ";
 
#if QT_VERSION >= QT_VERSION_CHECK(5, 11, 0)
                double scaleFactor = 0.8 * size / fontMetrics().horizontalAdvance(qMark);
#else
                double scaleFactor = 0.8 * size / fontMetrics().width(qMark);
#endif
 
                f.setPointSizeF(f.pointSizeF() * scaleFactor);
                setFont(f);
                translate(x, y);
                rotate(positionAngle); //rotate the coordinate system
                lambdaDrawEllipse(dx1, dy1, size, e * size);
                if (Options::useAntialias())
                    drawText(QRectF(dx1, dy1, size, e * size), Qt::AlignCenter, qMark);
                else
                {
                    int idx1 = int(dx1);
                    int idy1 = int(dy1);
                    drawText(QRect(idx1, idy1, isize, int(e * size)), Qt::AlignCenter,
                             qMark);
                }
                restore(); //reset coordinate system (and font?)
            }
            else if (size > 0.)
            {
                if (Options::useAntialias())
                    drawPoint(QPointF(x, y));
                else
                    drawPoint(QPoint(x, y));
            }
    }
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawObservingList(const QList<SkyObject *> &obs)
{
    foreach (SkyObject *obj, obs)
    {
        bool visible = false;
        QPointF o    = m_proj->toScreen(obj, true, &visible);
        if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(o))
            continue;
 
        float size = 20.;
        float x1   = o.x() - 0.5 * size;
        float y1   = o.y() - 0.5 * size;
        drawArc(QRectF(x1, y1, size, size), -60 * 16, 120 * 16);
        drawArc(QRectF(x1, y1, size, size), 120 * 16, 120 * 16);
    }
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawFlags()
{
    KStarsData *data = KStarsData::Instance();
    std::shared_ptr<SkyPoint> point;
    QImage image;
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos;
 
    for (int i = 0; i < data->skyComposite()->flags()->size(); i++)
    {
        point = data->skyComposite()->flags()->pointList().at(i);
        image = data->skyComposite()->flags()->image(i);
 
        // Set Horizontal coordinates
        point->EquatorialToHorizontal(data->lst(), data->geo()->lat());
 
        // Get flag position on screen
        pos = m_proj->toScreen(point.get(), true, &visible);
 
        // Return if flag is not visible
        if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(pos))
            continue;
 
        // Draw flag image
        drawImage(pos.x() - 0.5 * image.width(), pos.y() - 0.5 * image.height(), image);
 
        // Draw flag label
        setPen(data->skyComposite()->flags()->labelColor(i));
        setFont(QFont("Helvetica", 10, QFont::Bold));
        drawText(pos.x() + 10, pos.y() - 10, data->skyComposite()->flags()->label(i));
    }
}
 
void SkyQPainter::drawHorizon(bool filled, SkyPoint * labelPoint, bool * drawLabel)
{
    QVector<Eigen::Vector2f> ground = m_proj->groundPoly(labelPoint, drawLabel);
    if (ground.size())
    {
        QPolygonF groundPoly(ground.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < ground.size(); ++i)
            groundPoly[i] = KSUtils::vecToPoint(ground[i]);
        if (filled)
            drawPolygon(groundPoly);
        else
        {
            groundPoly.append(groundPoly.first());
            drawPolyline(groundPoly);
        }
    }
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawSatellite(Satellite * sat)
{
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(sat))
        return false;
 
    QPointF pos;
    bool visible = false;
 
    //sat->HorizontalToEquatorial( data->lst(), data->geo()->lat() );
 
    pos = m_proj->toScreen(sat, true, &visible);
 
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(pos))
        return false;
 
    if (Options::drawSatellitesLikeStars())
    {
        drawPointSource(pos, 3.5, 'B');
    }
    else
    {
        if (sat->isVisible())
            drawPixmap(QPoint(pos.x() - 15, pos.y() - 11), *visibleSatPixmap);
        else
            drawPixmap(QPoint(pos.x() - 15, pos.y() - 11), *invisibleSatPixmap);
 
        //drawPixmap(pos, *genericSatPixmap);
        /*drawLine( QPoint( pos.x() - 0.5, pos.y() - 0.5 ), QPoint( pos.x() + 0.5, pos.y() - 0.5 ) );
        drawLine( QPoint( pos.x() + 0.5, pos.y() - 0.5 ), QPoint( pos.x() + 0.5, pos.y() + 0.5 ) );
        drawLine( QPoint( pos.x() + 0.5, pos.y() + 0.5 ), QPoint( pos.x() - 0.5, pos.y() + 0.5 ) );
        drawLine( QPoint( pos.x() - 0.5, pos.y() + 0.5 ), QPoint( pos.x() - 0.5, pos.y() - 0.5 ) );*/
    }
 
    return true;
 
    //if ( Options::showSatellitesLabels() )
    //data->skyComposite()->satellites()->drawLabel( sat, pos );
}
 
bool SkyQPainter::drawSupernova(Supernova * sup)
{
    KStarsData *data = KStarsData::Instance();
    if (!m_proj->checkVisibility(sup))
    {
        return false;
    }
 
    bool visible = false;
    QPointF pos  = m_proj->toScreen(sup, true, &visible);
    //qDebug()<<"sup->ra() = "<<(sup->ra()).toHMSString()<<"sup->dec() = "<<sup->dec().toDMSString();
    //qDebug()<<"pos = "<<pos<<"m_proj->onScreen(pos) = "<<m_proj->onScreen(pos);
    if (!visible || !m_proj->onScreen(pos))
        return false;
 
    setPen(data->colorScheme()->colorNamed("SupernovaColor"));
    //qDebug()<<"Here";
    drawLine(QPoint(pos.x() - 2.0, pos.y()), QPoint(pos.x() + 2.0, pos.y()));
    drawLine(QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y() - 2.0), QPoint(pos.x(), pos.y() + 2.0));
    return true;
}